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2022 1

2020 3

2019 1

2014 4

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渗透汽化 5

PDMS 1

丁醇 1

中空纤维膜 1

内膜 1

分子筛膜 1

分离 1

压力驱动 1

含盐有机废水 1

工业应用 1

有机溶剂脱水 1

聚二甲基硅氧烷 1

膜分离 1

膜技术 1

膜蒸馏 1

节能 1

计算流体力学 1

陶瓷中空纤维 1

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Fabrication of high-performance pervaporation composite membrane for alkaline wastewater reclamation

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 709-719 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2078-2

摘要： Pervaporation desalination has a unique advantage to recycle concentrated salt solutions. The merit can be applied to treat alkaline wastewater if the membrane has superior alkali-resistance. In this paper, we used polyethylene microfiltration membrane as the substrate and deposited a glutaraldehyde crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose layer by spray-coating. Pervaporation flux of the composite membrane reached 35±2 kg·m^–2·h^–1 with a sodium chloride rejection of 99.9%±0.1% when separating a 3.5 wt-% sodium chloride solution at 70 °C. The desalination performance was stable after soaking the membrane in a 20 wt-% NaOH solution at room temperature for 9 d and in a 10 wt-% NaOH solution at 60 °C for 80 h. Moreover, the membrane was stable in 4 wt-% sulfuric acid and a 500 mg·L⁻¹ sodium hypochlorite solution. In a process of concentrating a NaOH solution from 5 to 10 wt-% at 60 °C, an average water flux of 23 kg·m^–2·h^–1 with a NaOH rejection over 99.98% was obtained.

关键词： pervaporation alkaline solution concentration polyethylene membrane acid resistance chlorine tolerance

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Combining extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation for enhanced

Eniko Haaz, Botond Szilagyi, Daniel Fozer, Andras Jozsef Toth

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第5期页码 913-927 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1877-1

摘要： The separation of non-ideal mixtures using distillation can be an extremely complex process and there continues to be a need to further improve these techniques. A new method which combines extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation (EHAD) and hydrophilic pervaporation (HPV) for the separation of non-ideal ternary mixtures is demonstrated. This improved distillation method combines the benefits of heterogeneous-azeotropic and extractive distillations in one column but no added materials are needed as is usually the case with pervaporation. The separation of water-methanol-ethyl acetate and water-methanol-isopropyl acetate mixtures were investigated to demonstrate the accuracy of the combined EHAD/HPV technique. There is not currently an established treatment strategy for the separation of the second mixtures in the literature. These separation processes were rigorously modelled and optimized using a professional flowsheet. The objective functions were total cost and energy consumption and heat integration was also investigated. The verification of the process modelling was carried out using laboratory-scale measurements. Extractive heterogeneous-distillation combined with methanol dehydration was found to be more efficient than conventional distillation for the separation of these highly non-ideal mixtures.

关键词： hydrophilic pervaporation non-ideal mixture modelling extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation heat integration

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Mass transport mechanisms within pervaporation membranes

Yimeng Song, Fusheng Pan, Ying Li, Kaidong Quan, Zhongyi Jiang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 458-474 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1780-1

摘要： Pervaporation is an energy-efficient membrane technology for separating liquid molecules of similar physical properties, which may compete or combine with distillation separation technology in a number of applications. With the rapid development of new membrane materials, the pervaporation performance was significantly improved. Fundamental understanding of the mass transport mechanisms is crucial for the rational design of membrane materials and efficient intensification of pervaporation process. Based on the interactions between permeate molecules and membranes, this review focuses on two categories of mass transport mechanisms within pervaporation membranes: physical mechanism (solution-diffusion mechanism, molecular sieving mechanism) and chemical mechanism (facilitated transport mechanism). Furthermore, the optimal integration and evolution of different mass transport mechanisms are briefly introduced. Material selection and relevant applications are highlighted under the guidance of mass transport mechanisms. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are tentatively identified.

关键词： pervaporation membrane mass transport mechanisms physical mechanism chemical mechanism

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PDMS中空纤维渗透汽化膜处理含盐有机废水

李俊俊,顾瑾,孙余凭,张林,雷乐成

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第7期页码 68-72

摘要：

本文以聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）为膜材料，乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷（VTES）为交联剂，在聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）中空纤维支撑膜表面通过交联反应制备出PDMS/PVDF中空纤维渗透汽化复合膜。采用扫描电子显微镜和全反射傅里叶红外光谱仪表征复合膜的形貌和结构变化。研究了膜对正丁醇-水、异丙醇-水及丙酮-水三种模拟含盐有机废水的分离效果，并考察了温度对膜性能的影响。结果表明：PDMS/PVDF中空纤维膜对这三种模拟含盐有机废水有较好的分离效果，操作温度为40 ℃ 时，膜的渗透通量分别为275.95 g/(m²·h)、322.16 g/(m²·h)、489.76 g/(m²·h)，分离因子为37.82、12.60、33.12。

关键词：渗透汽化 PDMS 中空纤维膜含盐有机废水

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渗透汽化膜技术及其应用

李继定,杨正,金夏阳,房满权,李祥,郑冬菊

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第12期页码 46-51

摘要：

膜分离技术是当代化工领域的高新技术。由于它是解决人类面临的能源、资源、环境等重大问题的新技术，所以近30多年来取得了极为迅速的发展。渗透汽化膜分离技术是一种新型膜分离技术，是典型的节能技术和清洁生产技术。用于恒沸体系分离，与传统的恒沸蒸馏和萃取精馏相比，节能1/3~1/2，运行费节约至少50 %。本文介绍了国内外渗透汽化脱水膜工业应用情况，并重点介绍了渗透汽化汽油脱硫膜、透甲醇膜、透乙醇膜、透碳酸二甲酯膜、芳烃/烷烃分离膜研究进展及其应用的可能性。

关键词：渗透汽化膜技术分离节能

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渗透汽化脱水分子筛膜的制备与应用研究

顾学红,徐南平

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第12期页码 52-58

摘要：

开发了擦涂-浸渍涂晶法和亚微米晶种诱导制备NaA分子筛膜技术，有效地提高了膜的成品率、缩短了合成时间，获得了适合规模化生产的制膜工艺。通过分子模拟的方法，对有机溶剂和水在分子筛膜中的传质机理进行了探讨。对NaA分子筛膜在体系中的水热、酸碱和盐稳定性进行了系统地研究，提出了相应的预处理工艺，并设计建造出渗透汽化工业应用装置，实现了长时间稳定运行。

关键词：渗透汽化分子筛膜有机溶剂脱水工业应用

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Enhanced desulfurization performance of hybrid membranes using embedded hierarchical porous SBA-15

Ye Zhang, Jian Song, Josue Quispe Mayta, Fusheng Pan, Xue Gao, Mei Li, Yimeng Song, Meidi Wang, Xingzhong Cao, Zhongyi Jiang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 661-672 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1830-3

摘要： The utilization of materials with a hierarchical porous structure as multi-functional additives is highly attractive in the preparation of hybrid membranes. In this study, novel hybrid membranes are designed by embedding hierarchical porous Santa Barbara Amorphous 15 (SBA-15) with a dual-pore architecture (micropores and mesopores) for pervaporation desulfurization. The SBA-15 with cylindrical mesopores provides molecular transport expressways to ensure improved permeability, while micropores on the wall have molecular sieving effects that are essential for the enhancement of permselectivity of thiophene molecules. Considering thiophene/ -octane mixture as a model system, the hybrid membrane with embedded 6 wt-% SBA-15 exhibits optimal pervaporation desulfurization performance with a permeation flux of 22.07 kg·m ·h and an enrichment factor of 6.76. Moreover, the detailed structure and properties of hybrid membranes are systematically characterized. This study demonstrates the immense potential of hierarchical porous materials as additives in membranes to simultaneously increase permeability and permselectivity.

关键词： hybrid membranes hierarchical porous SBA-15 sieving effect pervaporation desulfurization

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计算流体力学在水处理膜过程中的应用

张雅琴,张林,侯立安

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第7期页码 47-52

摘要：

本文介绍了计算流体力学（CFD）在膜分离过程模拟中的基本原理，对CFD在压力膜驱动过程组件设计、传质和膜污染过程研究方面的应用和CFD在具有相变膜过程（渗透汽化、膜蒸馏）以及其他膜过程中的应用分别进行了综述，最后对CFD在膜分离技术研究中的应用前景进行了展望。

关键词：计算流体力学膜分离压力驱动渗透汽化膜蒸馏

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陶瓷中空纤维内表面制备聚二甲基硅氧烷复合膜——从单通道到多通道 Article

董孜业, 朱海鹏, 杭颖婷, 刘公平, 金万勤

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第1期页码 89-99 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.10.012

摘要：

在中空纤维载体内表面沉积分离层制备中空纤维复合内膜为其工业应用提供更多机遇，然而目前仍面临诸多挑战。本文提出通过涂覆/错流法在单通道或多通道陶瓷中空纤维内表面制备聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）复合膜。通过控制聚合物浓度和涂覆时间，优化了PDMS／陶瓷中空纤维复合内膜的纳米结构和分离性能。分别用场发射电镜（FE-SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、纳米压痕/划痕技术和渗透气化回收生物丁醇测试表征了膜的形貌、表面化学性质、界面结合力和分离性能。系统研究了陶瓷中空纤维内表面PDMS膜层的形成机理。优化的PDMS/陶瓷中空纤维复合内膜具有薄且无缺陷的分离层，用于60 ℃下1 wt％正丁醇-水混合物分离，通量高达约1800 g·m^–2·h^–1，分离因子为35~38。本文提出涂覆/错流的简便方法用于制备中空纤维内表面涂层，显现出巨大潜力，在膜材料、吸附剂、复合材料等领域具有广泛应用前景。

关键词：陶瓷中空纤维内膜渗透汽化聚二甲基硅氧烷丁醇