2017, Volume 11, Issue 4
Frontiers of Medicine >> 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0596-6
Human monoclonal antibodies as candidate therapeutics against emerging viruses
1. Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
2. Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Abstract
The emergence of new pathogens, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Ebola virus, poses serious challenges to global public health and highlights the urgent need for novel antiviral approaches. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been successfully used to treat various diseases, particularly cancer and immunological disorders. Antigen-specific mAbs have been isolated using several different approaches, including hybridoma, transgenic mice, phage display, yeast display, and single B-cell isolation. Consequently, an increasing number of mAbs, which exhibit high potency against emerging viruses in vitro and in animal models of infection, have been developed. In this paper, we summarize historical trends and recent developments in mAb discovery, compare the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to mAb production, and discuss the potential use of such strategies for the development of antivirals against emerging diseases. We also review the application of recently developed human mAbs against SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and Ebola virus and discuss prospects for the development of mAbs as therapeutic agents against emerging viral diseases.
Keywords
human monoclonal antibodies ; emerging infectious diseases ; SARS-CoV ; MERS-CoV ; Ebola virus
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