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Cerebration and Practice of Expanded feedstock sources for Ethylene units

Cao Xianghong

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 5,   Pages 35-43

Abstract: It raises a new concept of expanding feedstock sources different from the global trend of using lighterfeedstock.distillate which is the by-product of the de-waxing of the vacuum second and third cuts, can be used as feedstockThis article summarizes the performance tests of the feedstock, the evaluation in a simulated crackerIt proves that the feedstock ensures high ethylene yield and longer service lfie of cracker, thus is

Keywords： ethylene     feedstock     sources    

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Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 8,   Pages 1051-1064 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2248-x

Abstract: This research is a follow-up to our recent discovery of a facile strategy for directly converting lignin powder into carbon foam. In this work, we report that the thermal pretreatment parameters in air can remarkably influence the formation and properties of the derived carbon foam. Thermal pretreatment parameters (heating rate, temperature, and residence time) were systematically investigated and a conversion mechanism into carbon foam was proposed. During the thermal pretreatment, relatively low temperatures, low heating rates, and short residence time hindered the formation of smooth and well-connected structures in the carbon foam. The overall product yields were similar regardless of the thermal pretreatment conditions. The densities of the different carbon foams ranged 0.27–0.83 g∙cm−3. The carbon foams with the highest compressive strengths (> 10 MPa) were KLPC280-2-5, KLPC300-0-5, and KLPC300-2-2.5. KLPC280-2-5 exhibited a high iodine sorption value (182 mg∙g−1). KLPC300-2-5 exhibited a specific capacitance of 158 F∙g−1 at a current density of 0.05 A∙g−1. The maximum evaporation rates in the solar vapor generation experiments were 1.05 and 1.38 kg∙m−2∙h−1 under 100 and 150 mW∙cm−2 irradiation, respectively. The good performances are attributed to the robust, porous, and continuous structure.

Keywords： lignin     carbon foam     thermal pretreatment     solar vapor generation    

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speciation, leachability and bioaccessibility of Cu and Zn in animal manure-derived biochar: effect of feedstock

Qi Lin, Xin Xu, Lihua, Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Fang, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou, Guangming Tian

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0924-8

Abstract: , respectively) to evaluate the variance of speciation and activity of Cu and Zn as affected by the feedstockThe results showed that Cu speciation was dependent on the feedstock with Cu-citrate-like in swine manureOrganic bound Zn and Zn (PO ) -like species were dominant in both feedstock and biochars.

Keywords： Animal manure     Biochar     Metals     Molecular species     Pyrolysis    

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Potential hybrid feedstock for biodiesel production in the tropics

Solomon GIWA,Oludaisi ADEKOMAYA,Collins NWAOKOCHA

Frontiers in Energy 2016, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 329-336 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0408-8

Abstract: Recently, mixture of different oils at various proportions have been used as feedstock for biodieselwhich are strongly influenced by the fatty acid composition of the individual oil that makes up the feedstockConclusively, the binary blend of oils can be a viable option to improve the fuel properties of biodiesel feedstock

Keywords： groundnut oil     palm kernel oil     methyl ester     fuel properties     tropics     fatty acid composition    

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China’s resources of biomass feedstock

Shi Yuanchun

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 16-23

Abstract: potentiality of biomass products in 2007, it was concluded that the total productivity of China's biomass feedstockIt was projected that to 2030, the annual potentials of biomass feedstock will be increased to 1 171

Keywords： China     biogas     material resources    

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Kinetic-compartmental modelling of potassium-containing cellulose feedstock gasification

Attila Egedy, Lívia Gyurik, Tamás Varga, Jun Zou, Norbert Miskolczi, Haiping Yang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 708-717 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1767-y

Abstract: could be the key to the design of industrial devices capable of processing vast amounts of biomass feedstockexperiments containing consecutive fast pyrolysis and gasification stages using alkali metal (K) containing feedstock

Keywords： biomass pyrolysis     kinetic parameter identification     compartment modelling     optimisation    

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Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

Yogesh P. PATIL, Pawan J. TAMBADE, Sachin R. JAGTAP, Bhalchandra M. BHANAGE,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 213-235 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0227-0

Abstract: The syntheses of carbon dioxide (CO) based industrially important chemicals have gained considerable interest in view of the sustainable chemistry and “green chemistry” concepts. In this review, recent developments in the chemical fixation of CO to valuable chemicals are discussed. The synthesis of five-member cyclic carbonates , cycloaddition of CO to epoxides is one of the promising reactions replacing the existing poisonous phosgene-based synthetic route. This review focuses on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, vinyl carbamates, and quinazoline-2,4(1,3)-diones reaction of CO and epoxide, amines/phenyl acetylene, 2-aminobenzinitrile and other chemicals. Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate, 1,3-disubstituted urea and 2-oxazolidinones/2-imidazolidinones have limitations at present because of the reaction equilibrium and chemical inertness of CO. The preferred alternatives for their synthesis like transesterification of ethylene carbonate with methanol, transamination of ethylene carbonate with primary amine and transamination reaction of ethylene carbonate with diamines/-aminoalcohols are discussed. These methodologies offer marked improvements for greener chemical fixation of CO in to industrially important chemicals.

Keywords： inertness     CO     phosgene-based synthetic     quinazoline-2     4     equilibrium    

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Rapid alloying of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy from elemental feedstock toward high-throughput synthesis

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0727-x

Abstract: High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are considered alternatives to traditional structural materials because of their superior mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. However, alloy composition combinations are too numerous to explore. Finding a rapid synthesis method to accelerate the development of HEA bulks is imperative. Existing in situ synthesis methods based on additive manufacturing are insufficient for efficiently controlling the uniformity and accuracy of components. In this work, laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is adopted for the in situ synthesis of equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi HEA from elemental powder mixtures. High composition accuracy is achieved in parallel with ensuring internal density. The L-PBF-based process parameters are optimized; and two different methods, namely, a multi-melting process and homogenization heat treatment, are adopted to address the problem of incompletely melted Cr particles in the single-melted samples. X-ray diffraction indicates that HEA microstructure can be obtained from elemental powders via L-PBF. In the triple-melted samples, a strong crystallographic texture can be observed through electron backscatter diffraction, with a maximum polar density of 9.92 and a high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of (735.3 ± 14.1) MPa. The homogenization heat-treated samples appear more like coarse equiaxed grains, with a UTS of (650.8 ± 16.1) MPa and an elongation of (40.2% ± 1.3%). Cellular substructures are also observed in the triple-melted samples, but not in the homogenization heat-treated samples. The differences in mechanical properties primarily originate from the changes in strengthening mechanism. The even and flat fractographic morphologies of the homogenization heat-treated samples represent a more uniform internal microstructure that is different from the complex morphologies of the triple-melted samples. Relative to the multi-melted samples, the homogenization heat-treated samples exhibit better processability, with a smaller composition deviation, i.e., ≤ 0.32 at.%. The two methods presented in this study are expected to have considerable potential for developing HEAs with high composition accuracy and composition flexibility.

Keywords： laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF)     in situ alloying     high-entropy alloys     heat treatment     rapid synthesis    

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NUMERICAL MODELING OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION USING COW DUNG AS FEEDSTOCK

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 458-467 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023500

Abstract:

● Gasification of cow dung was evaluated using Aspen Plus software.

Keywords： Aspen Plus     biomass gasification     manure of livestock and poultry     simulation     syngas    

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Impact of crude distillation unit model accuracy on refinery production planning

Gang FU, Pedro A. Castillo CASTILLO, Vladimir MAHALEC

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2018, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 195-201 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017052

Abstract: distillation unit (CDU) model errors on the results of refinery-wide optimization for production planning or feedstock

Keywords： impact of model accuracy on production planning     swing cut+ bias CDU model     hybrid CDU model     refinery feedstock    

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Synthesis of porous carbon from orange peel waste for effective volatile organic compounds adsorption: role of typical components

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 7,   Pages 942-953 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2264-x

Abstract: Volatile organic compounds have posed a serious threat to the environment and human health, which require urgent and effective removal. In recent years, the preparation of porous carbon from biomass waste for volatile organic compounds adsorption has attracted increasing attention as a very cost-effective and promising technology. In this study, porous carbon was synthesized from orange peel by urea-assisted hydrothermal carbonization and KOH activation. The role of typical components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) in pore development and volatile organic compounds adsorption was investigated. Among the three components, hemicellulose was the major contributor to high porosity and abundant micropores in porous carbon. Higher hemicellulose content led to more abundant –COOR, amine-N, and pyrrolic/pyridonic-N in the derived hydrochar, which were favorable for porosity formation during activation. In this case, the toluene adsorption capacity of the porous carbon improved from 382.8 to 485.3 mg·g–1. Unlike hemicellulose, cellulose reduced the >C=O, amine-N, and pyrrolic/pyridonic-N content of the hydrochar, which caused porosity deterioration and worse toluene adsorption performance. Lignin bestowed the hydrochar with slightly increased –COOR, pyrrolic/pyridonic-N, and graphitic-N, and reduced >C=O, resulting in comparatively poor porosity and more abundant micropores. In general, the obtained porous carbon possessed abundant micropores and high specific surface area, with the highest up to 2882 m2·g–1. This study can provide guidance for selecting suitable biomass waste to synthesize porous carbon with better porosity for efficient volatile organic compounds adsorption.

Keywords： biomass waste     porous carbon     feedstock composition     urea-assisted hydrothermal carbonization     toluene    

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Oil alternative strategies and mid-long term development goals of bio-energy

Li Shizhong

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 6,   Pages 101-107

Abstract:

The guarantee feedstock resources for developing bio-energy in China

Keywords： bio-energy     feedstock guarantee     bio-energy product     developing goal    

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BTL technologies are on the eve of big-scale commercialization—Meeting the second wave of bioenergy industry

Cheng Xu and Shi Yuanchun

Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 1,   Pages 11-18

Abstract: thermo-chemical platform， sugar platform and carboxylates platform， as well as use lignocellulosic feedstocklignin and semicellulose， which is rich in woody materials， thus considerably broadens the scope of feedstock

Keywords： thermo-chemical platform； sugar platform； carboxylates platform； lignocellulosic feedstock； drop-in biofuels    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Cerebration and Practice of Expanded feedstock sources for Ethylene units

Cao Xianghong

Journal Article

Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

Journal Article

speciation, leachability and bioaccessibility of Cu and Zn in animal manure-derived biochar: effect of feedstock

Qi Lin, Xin Xu, Lihua, Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Fang, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou, Guangming Tian

Journal Article

Potential hybrid feedstock for biodiesel production in the tropics

Solomon GIWA,Oludaisi ADEKOMAYA,Collins NWAOKOCHA

Journal Article

China’s resources of biomass feedstock

Shi Yuanchun

Journal Article

Kinetic-compartmental modelling of potassium-containing cellulose feedstock gasification

Attila Egedy, Lívia Gyurik, Tamás Varga, Jun Zou, Norbert Miskolczi, Haiping Yang

Journal Article

Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

Yogesh P. PATIL, Pawan J. TAMBADE, Sachin R. JAGTAP, Bhalchandra M. BHANAGE,

Journal Article

Rapid alloying of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy from elemental feedstock toward high-throughput synthesis

Journal Article

NUMERICAL MODELING OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION USING COW DUNG AS FEEDSTOCK

Journal Article

Impact of crude distillation unit model accuracy on refinery production planning

Gang FU, Pedro A. Castillo CASTILLO, Vladimir MAHALEC

Journal Article

Synthesis of porous carbon from orange peel waste for effective volatile organic compounds adsorption: role of typical components

Journal Article

Oil alternative strategies and mid-long term development goals of bio-energy

Li Shizhong

Journal Article

BTL technologies are on the eve of big-scale commercialization—Meeting the second wave of bioenergy industry

Cheng Xu and Shi Yuanchun

Journal Article