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An overview of the reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2021, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 531-544 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0167-z

Abstract: In this study, we conduct a comprehensive overview of the development of reliability metrics for power

Keywords： reliability     metrics     power grids     telecommunication networks    

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A comprehensive overview of rural solid waste management in China

Chao ZENG,Dongjie NIU,Youcai ZHAO

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 6,   Pages 949-961 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0816-8

Abstract: This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive review of rural solid waste (RSW) in terms of characteristics, management and legislation. Survey results show that RSW generation rates range from 0.25 to 2.1 kg·(capita·d) in different rural villages across regions of China. Total RSW generation has been increasing, which is far higher than official data in 2014. RSW are dominated by food residue and coal ash/cinder/dust (at approximately 70%). Most of RSW are still discarded randomly without any treatment in China. Scattered RSW generation sources, imperfect legislation system, poor infrastructure on treatment and disposal are identified as the biggest challenge for RSW management currently in China. To improve RSW management, increasing financial resources, establishing sorting collection and transportation network, promoting sorting collection and recycling, improving treatment technology are proposed as the possible solution.

Keywords： rural solid waste     characteristics     management     legislation     China    

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Biological hydrogen production from organic wastewater by dark fermentation in China: Overview and prospects

Nanqi REN, Wanqian GUO, Bingfeng LIU, Guangli CAO, Jing TANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 375-379 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0148-7

Abstract: Biological hydrogen production by dark fermentation is an important part of biological hydrogen production technologies. China is a typical developing country that heavily relies on fossil fuels; thus, new, clean, and sustainable energy development turns quite urgent. It is delightful that Chinese government has already drawn up several H2 development policies since 1990s and provided financial aid to launch some H development projects. In this paper, the research status on dark fermentative hydrogen production in China was summarized and analyzed. Subsequently, several new findings and achievements, with some of which transformed into scale-up tests, were highlighted. Moreover, some prospecting coupling processes with dark fermentation of hydrogen production were also proposed to attract more research interests in the future.

Keywords： biological hydrogen production     dark fermentation     overview     prospects    

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An overview and recent advances in electrocatalysts for direct seawater splitting

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 6,   Pages 1408-1426 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2102-6

Abstract: In comparison to pure water, seawater is widely accepted as an unlimited resource. The direct seawater splitting is economical and eco-friendly, but the key challenges in seawater, especially the chlorine-related competing reactions at the anode, seriously hamper its practical application. The development of earth-abundant electrocatalysts toward direct seawater splitting has emerged as a promising strategy. Highly efficient electrocatalysts with improved selectivity and stability are of significance in preventing the interference of side reactions and resisting various impurities. This review first discusses the macroscopic understanding of direct seawater electrolysis and then focuses on the strategies for rational design of electrocatalysts toward direct seawater splitting. The perspectives of improved electrocatalysts to solve emerging challenges and further development of direct seawater splitting are also provided.

Keywords： seawater splitting     electrocatalysts     oxygen evolution reaction     hydrogen evolution reaction     chlorine chemistry    

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Cell therapy for the treatment of reproductive diseases and infertility: an overview from the mechanism

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 827-858 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0948-8

Abstract: Infertility is experienced by 8%–12% of adults in their reproductive period globally and has become a prevalent concern. Besides routine therapeutic methods, stem cells are rapidly being examined as viable alternative therapies in regenerative medicine and translational investigation. Remarkable progress has been made in understanding the biology and purpose of stem cells. The affected pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are further studied for their possible use in reproductive medicine, particularly for infertility induced by premature ovarian insufficiency and azoospermia. Accordingly, this study discusses current developments in the use of some kinds of MSCs such as adipose-derived stem cells, bone marrow stromal cells, umbilical cord MSCs, and menstrual blood MSCs. These methods have been used to manage ovarian and uterine disorders, and each technique presents a novel method for the therapy of infertility.

Keywords： infertility     stem cell therapy     mesenchymal stem cells     pluripotent stem cells    

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Steps of fronts in chemical engineering: An overview of the publications of FCSE

Xiaowen Zhu, Yaodong Huang, Jing-Kang Wang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 593-597 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1789-5

Abstract:
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Underground logistics systems: Development overview and new prospects in China

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2023, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 354-359 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0252-6

Abstract: Underground logistics systems: Development overview and new prospects in China

Keywords： China    

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δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1414-6

Abstract:

• Challenges in sampling of NH3 sources for d15N analysis are highlighted.

Keywords： Aerosol ammonium     Atmospheric gaseous ammonia     Isotope fingerprinting     Isotope-based source apportionment     Ammonia gas-to-particle conversion    

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Innovative development path of ethnomedicines: an overview of ethnomedicines in China

Zhaoyun Zhu,Ting Wang,Dehuan Fu,Yali Gui,Jingkun Wang,Tao Cui

Frontiers of Medicine 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 166-177 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0448-9

Abstract:

In the long history of disease prevention and treatment, ancestral populations worldwide have gained knowledge and experiences in traditional medicines. For instance, ethnomedicines of Chinese ethnic minorities constitute an important part of traditional medicines. In our study, we firstly clarified the concept of ethnomedicines and the connotations of ethnopharmacology. The particularity of ethnomedicine research were then summed up, and the development profiles of the ethnomedicines of Chinese ethnic minorities were discussed by investigating the current status and existing problems. On this basis, we abstracted the innovative development path of ethnomedicines for the first time, which was found to follows:resource study → standardized development research → industrialization of the achievements and efforts for internationalization. We found that platform establishment and team training are keys to achieving innovative development. Hence, this study provided a basis for ethnomedicine development.

Keywords： traditional medicines     ethnomedicines     Chinese ethnic minorities     ethnopharmacology     research mode     innovative development path    

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SMRs – overview, international developments, safety features and the GRS simulation chain

Frontiers in Energy 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 793-809 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0751-2

Abstract: The Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH as the main technical support organization for the German Federal Government in nuclear safety has been dealing with small modular reactors (SMRs) for about one decade since SMRs are one interesting option for new builds in most countries worldwide which continue to use nuclear energy for commercial electricity production. Currently four different SMR designs are in operation, four in construction, one is licensed, and further 12 are in a licensing process. In this paper, definitions, history, and current developments of SMRs are presented. Subsequently, selected trends of SMR development such as factory fabrication and transport, compactness and modularity, core design, improved core cooling, exclusion of accidents, features for preventing and limiting the impact of severe accidents, economic viability, competitiveness and licensing are discussed. Modeling gaps of the GRS simulation chain programs with a view to applications in nuclear licensing procedures are identified and a strategy for closing these gaps is presented. Finally, selected work on the extension and improvement of the simulation chain and first generic test analyses are presented.

Keywords： small modular reactors (SMRs)     history     recent developments     safety aspects     simulation chain of the Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS)    

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Cholera: an overview with reference to the Yemen epidemic

Ali A. Rabaan

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 213-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0631-2

Abstract: In this review, we give an overview of cholera epidemiology, virulence, antibiotic resistance, therapy

Keywords： cholera     epidemic     multi-drug resistant     catechin     luteolin     ToxT     CTX&Fcy    

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An overview of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of bridge decks

Teng WU, Ahsan KAREEM

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 335-347 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0179-1

Abstract: A brief overview of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of circular cylinders is first given as most of VIV

Keywords： vortex-induced vibration (VIV)     Volterra series     bridge    

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An overview of selected topics in smart grids

S. Hari Charan CHERUKURI,Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN

Frontiers in Energy 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 441-458 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0418-6

Abstract: This paper presents an overview on the present state-of-the-art of smart grid technologies and broadlySome of the papers projected in this work also give a brief overview of the necessity of the smart grid

Keywords： smart grid     demand side management     electric springs     operational efficiency    

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An overview of the environmental finance policies in China: retrofitting an integrated mechanism for

LI Wei,HU Mengze

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 316-328 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0625-5

Abstract: Considering the significant roles of the policies in developing environmental finance, an overview is

Keywords： environmental finance policy     integrated mechanism     phased evolution     implementation progress     financial institution     environmental management    

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Beamforming techniques for massive MIMO systems in 5G: overview, classification, and trends for future Review

Ehab ALI, Mahamod ISMAIL, Rosdiadee NORDIN, Nor Fadzilah ABDULAH

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 6,   Pages 753-772 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601817

Abstract: Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems combined with beamforming antenna array technologies are expected to play a key role in next-generation wireless communication systems (5G), which will be deployed in 2020 and beyond. The main objective of this review paper is to discuss the state-of-the-art research on the most favourable types of beamforming techniques that can be deployed in massive MIMO systems and to clarify the importance of beamforming techniques in massive MIMO systems for eliminating and resolving the many technical hitches that massive MIMO system implementation faces. Classifications of optimal beamforming techniques that are used in wireless communication systems are reviewed in detail to determine which techniques are more suitable for deployment in massive MIMO systems to improve system throughput and reduce intra- and inter-cell interference. To overcome the limitations in the literature, we have suggested an optimal beamforming technique that can provide the highest performance in massive MIMO systems, satisfying the requirements of next-generation wireless communication systems.

Keywords： Beamforming classifications     Massive MIMO     Hybrid beamforming     Millimetre-wave beamforming    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

An overview of the reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks

Journal Article

A comprehensive overview of rural solid waste management in China

Chao ZENG,Dongjie NIU,Youcai ZHAO

Journal Article

Biological hydrogen production from organic wastewater by dark fermentation in China: Overview and prospects

Nanqi REN, Wanqian GUO, Bingfeng LIU, Guangli CAO, Jing TANG

Journal Article

An overview and recent advances in electrocatalysts for direct seawater splitting

Journal Article

Cell therapy for the treatment of reproductive diseases and infertility: an overview from the mechanism

Journal Article

Steps of fronts in chemical engineering: An overview of the publications of FCSE

Xiaowen Zhu, Yaodong Huang, Jing-Kang Wang

Journal Article

Underground logistics systems: Development overview and new prospects in China

Journal Article

δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

Journal Article

Innovative development path of ethnomedicines: an overview of ethnomedicines in China

Zhaoyun Zhu,Ting Wang,Dehuan Fu,Yali Gui,Jingkun Wang,Tao Cui

Journal Article

SMRs – overview, international developments, safety features and the GRS simulation chain

Journal Article

Cholera: an overview with reference to the Yemen epidemic

Ali A. Rabaan

Journal Article

An overview of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of bridge decks

Teng WU, Ahsan KAREEM

Journal Article

An overview of selected topics in smart grids

S. Hari Charan CHERUKURI,Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN

Journal Article

An overview of the environmental finance policies in China: retrofitting an integrated mechanism for

LI Wei,HU Mengze

Journal Article

Beamforming techniques for massive MIMO systems in 5G: overview, classification, and trends for future

Ehab ALI, Mahamod ISMAIL, Rosdiadee NORDIN, Nor Fadzilah ABDULAH

Journal Article