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Frequency–angle two-dimensional reflection coefficient modeling based on terahertz channel measurement Correspondence

Zhaowei CHANG, Jianhua ZHANG, Pan TANG, Lei TIAN, Li YU, Guangyi LIU, Liang XIA,changzw12345@bupt.edu.cn,jhzhang@bupt.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 4,   Pages 626-632 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200290

Abstract: Terahertz (THz) channel propagation characteristics are vital for the design, evaluation, and optimization of THz communication systems. Moreover, reflection plays a significant role in channel propagation. In this correspondence, the reflection coefficients of the THz channel are researched based on extensive measurement campaigns. First, we set up the THz channel sounder from 220 to 320 GHz at incident angles ranging from 10◦ to 80◦. Based on the measured propagation loss, the reflection coefficients of five building materials, i.e., glass, tile, board, plasterboard, and aluminum alloy are calculated separately for frequencies and incident angles. It is found that the lack of THz-relative parameters leads to an inability to successfully fit the Fresnel model of nonmetallic materials to the measurement data. Thus, we propose a frequency–angle two-dimensional reflection coefficient (FARC) model by modifying the Fresnel model with the Lorenz and Drude models. The proposed model characterizes the frequency and incident angle for reflection coefficients and shows low root-mean-square error (RMSE) with the measurement data. Generally, these results are useful for modeling THz channels.

Keywords： 太赫兹通信；反射系数建模；入射角；建筑材料；菲涅耳模型    

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A dual-polarized Fabry–Pérot antenna with high gain and wide bandwidth for millimeter-wave applications

Qingyi Guo, Hang Wong,guo_qingyi@163.com,hang.wong@cityu.edu.hk

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 4,   Pages 599-608 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000514

Abstract: We introduce a dual-polarized (DP) rot cavity (FPC) antenna operating at the millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band with and characteristics. A DP feeding source and a partially reflective surface (PRS) integrated with a Fresnel zone lens are suggested to realize dual-polarization wave radiation over a wide impedance bandwidth. The feeding source provides vertical and horizontal polarizations while keeping high isolation between the two polarizations. PRS is used to realize Fabry cavity to produce a directive beam radiation. The integrated Fresnel zone rings are introduced for phase correction, leading to a significant gain enhancement for the antenna. For verification, a 60-GHz FPC antenna prototype with DP radiation is designed and fabricated with measurement results. It consists of a feeding source, a PRS integrated with a Fresnel zone lens, a quasi-curved reflector, and four three-dimensional printed supporters. The results illustrate that the peak gains of vertical and horizontal polarizations are 18.4 and 17.6 dBi, respectively. The impedance matching bandwidth for the two polarizations is 14%. The performance ensures that the proposed DP FPC antenna is a promising candidate for the fifth-generation wireless communication systems in the mmWave band.

Keywords： 双极化；法布里—珀罗腔天线；与菲涅耳带透镜集成的部分反射面；毫米波波段；高增益；宽带    

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Lane changing assistance strategy based on an improved probabilistic model of dynamic occupancy grids Research Articles

Zhengcai Yang, Zhenhai Gao, Fei Gao, Xinyu Wu, Lei He,gaozh@jlu.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 11,   Pages 1492-1504 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000439

Abstract: in autonomous vehicles is a popular research topic. Scene modeling of the driving area is a prerequisite for lane changing decision problems. A road environment representation method based on a dynamic occupancy grid is proposed in this study. The model encapsulates the data such as vehicle speed, obstacles, lane lines, and traffic rules into a form of spatial drivability probability. This information is compiled into a hash table, and the grid map is mapped into a hash map by means of hash function. A vehicle behavior decision cost equation is established with the model to help drivers make accurate vehicle lane changing decisions based on the principle of least cost, while considering influencing factors such as vehicle drivability, safety, and power. The feasibility of the strategy is verified through vehicle tests, and the results show that the system based on a of dynamic can provide to drivers taking into consideration the dynamics and safety.

Keywords： 占用网格；概率模型；换道辅助    

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Tall Buildings with Dynamic Facade Under Winds Article

Fei Ding, Ahsan Kareem

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 12,   Pages 1443-1453 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.020

Abstract:

Burgeoning growth of tall buildings in urban areas around the world is placing new demands on their performance under winds. This involves selection of the building form that minimizes wind loads and structural topologies that efficiently transfer loads. Current practice is to search for optimal shapes, but this limits buildings with static or fixed form. Aerodynamic shape tailoring that consists of modifying the external form of the building has shown great promise in reducing wind loads and associated structural motions as reflected in the design of Taipei 101 and Burj Khalifa. In these buildings, corner modifications of the cross-section and tapering along the height are introduced. An appealing alternative is to design a building that can adapt its form to the changing complex wind environment in urban areas with clusters of tall buildings, i.e., by implementing a dynamic facade. To leap beyond the static shape optimization, autonomous dynamic morphing of the building shape is advanced in this study, which is implemented through a cyber–physical system that fuses together sensing, computing, actuating and engineering informatics. This approach will permit a building to intelligently morph its profile to minimize the source of dynamic wind load excitation, and holds the promise of revolutionizing tall buildings from conventional static to dynamic facades by taking advantage of the burgeoning advances in computational design.

Keywords： Tall buildings     Aerodynamic shape tailoring     Autonomous morphing     Cyber–physical system     Computational design     Surrogate modeling     Machine learning    

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Machine learning based altitude-dependent empirical LoS probability model for air-to-ground communications Research Article

Minghui PANG, Qiuming ZHU, Zhipeng LIN, Fei BAI, Yue TIAN, Zhuo LI, Xiaomin CHEN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 9,   Pages 1378-1389 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200041

Abstract: Line-of-sight (LoS) probability prediction is critical to the performance optimization of wireless communication systems. However, it is challenging to predict the LoS probability of air-to-ground (A2G) communication scenarios, because the altitude of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or other aircraft varies from dozens of meters to several kilometers. This paper presents an altitude-dependent empirical LoS probability model for A2G scenarios. Before estimating the model parameters, we design a K-nearest neighbor (KNN) based strategy to classify LoS and non-LoS (NLoS) paths. Then, a two-layer back propagation neural network (BPNN) based parameter estimation method is developed to build the relationship between every model parameter and the UAV altitude. Simulation results show that the results obtained using our proposed model has good consistency with the (RT) data, the measurement data, and the results obtained using the standard models. Our model can also provide wider applicable altitudes than other LoS probability models, and thus can be applied to different altitudes under various A2G scenarios.

Keywords： Line-of-sight probability model     Air-to-ground channel     Machine learning     Ray tracing    

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Technology Foresight Research on China’s Environmental Engineering Science and Technology to 2035

Dan Zhigang,Shi Feifei,Wang Zhizeng,Wang Huieng、Zhang Peilei、Hao Jiming、Duan Ning

Strategic Study of CAE 2017, Volume 19, Issue 1,   Pages 80-86 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.01.012

Abstract:

The Delphi method is the most common method of technology foresight, which is a significant basis for establishing development strategies and policies of science and technology. This study proposes 45 alternative technologies in the field of environmental engineering science and technology through a literature survey, experts' advice, and discussion meetings. These technologies relate to air pollution prevention and control; water pollution prevention and control; soil pollution prevention and control; solid waste pollution prevention, control, and utilization; ecological protection and restoration; environmental monitoring, early warning, and risk control; resource utilization and cleaner production. Based on results that were obtained according to the Delphi method, this research analyzes the realization time, R&D level, and restriction factors for the key technologies, common technologies, and disruptive technologies that were determined for 2035. This study provides a reference for establishing development strategies and objectives for China’s environmental engineering science and technology over the next 20 years.

Keywords： environmental engineering science and technology     technology foresight     Delphi method     key technology     common technology     disruptive technology    

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Research on simulation evaluation method based on duration contro-llability of network schedule

Pan Feifei,Wang Renchao and Cao Yonglei

Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 1,   Pages 143-150

Abstract:

As the fact that schedulers usually utilizing resources re-allocation and improving resource-utilization efficiency in coping with project delay caused by risk events，a stochastic simulation evaluation method based on duration controllability of network schedule was put forward. This method took the resource allocation and utilization of margin of the activity as controllable indicators， and considered different constructability of measures reaction to different occur time of risk events. Through the stochastic simulation of each risk events occur time， delay of activity duration and effect of the risk reaction，the distribution of project duration was simulated which was utilized to evaluate the rationality of the network schedule. A case indicates that，compared with traditional simulation evaluation methods such as duration-based and factors-based Monte-Carlo simulation， simulation results of the duration controllability-based is more reasonable.

Keywords： network schedule； stochastic simulation； risk reaction； duration controllability； evaluation    

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Development of network schedule standardization system in hydraulic and hydropower engineering

Wang Renchao,Pan Feifei,Li Shiqi,Chen Jianyou

Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 1,   Pages 129-136

Abstract:

Network schedule is an important part in construction organization and design in hydraulic and hydropower engineering. As most network schedule software provided limited functionality in schedule generation and analysis， leading to network schedule generation is time-consuming， laborious， inefficient， and low degree of standardization. Based on analysis of connotation of network standardization in hydraulic and hydropower engineering， this paper discussed the basic content of the network schedule standardization， developed the standardization system of network schedule in hydraulic and hydropower engineering， and introduced functions as network schedule aided generation， analysis， evaluation and review， as well as the output of results in detail. The system interface is friendly and intuitive visualization， and provides powerful computing and optimization capabilities， greatly improving the efficiency and quality of the preparation of the network schedule to engineering staffs， and provides a new way and means in quickly generating， analyzing and optimizing the network schedule.

Keywords： hydraulic and hydropower engineering； network schedule； standardization； SHAPS    

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ECGID: a human identification method based on adaptive particle swarm optimization and the bidirectional LSTM model Research Article

Yefei Zhang, Zhidong Zhao, Yanjun Deng, Xiaohong Zhang, Yu Zhang,zhangyf@hdu.edu.cn,zhaozd@hdu.edu.cn,yanjund@hdu.edu.cn,xhzhang@hdu.edu.cn,zy2009@hdu.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 12,   Pages 1551-1684 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000511

Abstract: Physiological signal based biometric analysis has recently attracted attention as a means of meeting increasing privacy and security requirements. The real-time nature of an electrocardiogram (ECG) and the hidden nature of the information make it highly resistant to attacks. This paper focuses on three major bottlenecks of existing deep learning driven approaches: the lengthy time requirements for optimizing the hyperparameters, the slow and computationally intense identification process, and the unstable and complicated nature of ECG acquisition. We present a novel deep neural network framework for learning feature representations directly from ECG time series. The proposed framework integrates deep bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) and . The overall approach not only avoids the inefficient and experience-dependent search for hyperparameters, but also fully exploits the spatial information of ordinal local features and the memory characteristics of a recognition algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is thoroughly evaluated in two ECG datasets, using two protocols, simulating the influence of electrode placement and acquisition sessions in identification. Comparing four recurrent neural network structures and four classical machine learning and deep learning algorithms, we prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm in minimizing overfitting and self-learning of time series. The experimental results demonstrated an average identification rate of 97.71%, 99.41%, and 98.89% in training, validation, and test sets, respectively. Thus, this study proves that the application of APSO and LSTM techniques to biometric can achieve a lower algorithm engineering effort and higher capacity for generalization.

Keywords： 心电图生物特征；个体身份识别；长短期记忆网络；自适应粒子群优化算法    

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State of the Art of Compartment Fire Modeling

Zheng Xin,Yuan Hongyong

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 3,   Pages 68-74

Abstract:

The aim of the present review is to provide the reader with a brief discussion on the mathematical modeling techniques, currently available for compartment fires. The relevant underlying physical assumptions are presented first and the conventional model performance is analyzed in the range of application. The final part of the review deals with current trends and perspective of mathematic fire models and highlights the need for extensive validation studies and interaction between theoretical and experimental investigations.

Keywords： compartment     field model     zone model     network model     FZN (field     zone and network) model     empirical model    

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Study on hydrodynamic and synthetic water quality model for river networks

Zhang Mingliang,Shen Yongming

Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 10,   Pages 78-83

Abstract:

The Preissmann implicit scheme is used to discrete the one-dimensional Saint-Venant equation and the river-junction-river method is applied to resolve the hydrodynamic mathematical model for river networks. Based on the characteristics of river-junction-river method and the theory of WASP, the synthetic water quality model is set up for river networks, which includes many contamination variables and considers the transform and transplant of the contamination variables. This model is applied to simulate four river networks, the results of elevations and flows agree with the data, the result of contamination variables agree with the measured data. These results show this model is credible and it is a practical tool for forecast and management of water quality in river networks.

Keywords： Preissmann implicit scheme     river networks     hydrodynamic model     water quality model     WASP model    

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A general altitude-dependent path loss model for UAV-to-ground millimeter-wave communications Research Articles

Qiuming Zhu, Mengtian Yao, Fei Bai, Xiaomin Chen, Weizhi Zhong, Boyu Hua, Xijuan Ye,zhuqiuming@nuaa.edu.cn,yaomengtian@nuaa.edu.cn,baifei@nuaa.edu.cn,chenxm402@nuaa.edu.cn,zhongwz@nuaa.edu.cn,byhua@nuaa.edu.cn,yexijuan@nuaa.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 6,   Pages 767-776 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000497

Abstract: A general empirical (PL) model for air-to-ground (A2G) millimeter-wave (mmWave) channels is proposed in this paper. Different from existing PL models, the new model takes the height factor of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into account, and divides the propagation conditions into three cases (i.e., line-of-sight, reflection, and diffraction). A map-based deterministic PL prediction algorithm based on the (RT) technique is developed, and is used to generate numerous PL data for different cases. By fitting and analyzing the PL data under different scenarios and UAV heights, model parameters are provided. Simulation results show that the proposed model can be effectively used to predict PL values for both low- and high-altitude cases. The prediction results of the proposed model better match the RT-based calculation results than those of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) model and the close-in model. The standard deviation of the PL is also much smaller. Moreover, the new model is flexible and can be extended to other A2G scenarios (not included in this paper) by adjusting the parameters according to the simulation or measurement data.

Keywords： 传播损耗；无人机对地信道；毫米波通信信道；射线追踪；高度相关    

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Study on the Index System for “Internet Plus” Smart Environmental Protection

Liu Rui,Liu Wenqing,Wei Jinjin,Xie Tao,Wang Fei,Li Honghua and Yang Jingwen

Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 2,   Pages 120-128 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.02.018

Abstract:

"Big data" "Internet Plus" and information technology have become important means to promote environmental governance systems and governance capacity modernization. An objective requirement of the development of China's environmental information and rational choice is to further promote "Internet Plus" smart environmental protection construction. However, China has not yet formed a suitable "Internet Plus" smart environmental protection assessment index system with which the environmental information construction investment (cost) and production efficiency (output and benefit) could be evaluated by an objective, fair, and accurate method. Based on the analysis of the overall structure and the target of "Internet Plus" smart environmental protection, following the principles of representativeness, independence, comprehensibility, collectability, and extensibility, using the method of factor analysis, literature research, and expert consultation, an assessment index system including four dimensions, 14 factors, and 64 indexes were formed. The introduction of the assessment index system should be of great significance in the guidance of the orderly development of "Internet Plus" smart environmental protection construction and in the promotion of the development of environmental protection information.

Keywords： Internet Plus     smart environmental protection     assessment index system    

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Harmony Between Man and Nature Is the Need for Social Progress

Yuan Fei,Zhang Yuedong,Li Xiping

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 11,   Pages 80-83

Abstract:

Human society has entered the high-tech era. However, the contradiction between man and nature becomes increasingly acute. Based on the analysis of the relationship between man and nature, the paper states that for realizing the harmony between man and nature and promoting social progress it is necessary to raise the scientific and technological level, to establish scientific values and to enhance innovation in rules and mechanisms.

Keywords： man and nature     harmony     values     social progress    

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Analysis on the principle-agent model in construction project supply chain

Wu Yuhua,Zhang Qingmin

Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 5,   Pages 75-78

Abstract:

General form of principle-agent model in integrated supply chain has been discussed from principle-agent Theories. Based on the above model, construction project supply chain one-period principle-agent model and multi-period construction project supply chain reputation model have been built with the characters of principle and agent of construction project integrated supply chain.

Keywords： principle- agent model     incentive compatibility     reputation model     random walk    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Frequency–angle two-dimensional reflection coefficient modeling based on terahertz channel measurement

Zhaowei CHANG, Jianhua ZHANG, Pan TANG, Lei TIAN, Li YU, Guangyi LIU, Liang XIA,changzw12345@bupt.edu.cn,jhzhang@bupt.edu.cn

Journal Article

A dual-polarized Fabry–Pérot antenna with high gain and wide bandwidth for millimeter-wave applications

Qingyi Guo, Hang Wong,guo_qingyi@163.com,hang.wong@cityu.edu.hk

Journal Article

Lane changing assistance strategy based on an improved probabilistic model of dynamic occupancy grids

Zhengcai Yang, Zhenhai Gao, Fei Gao, Xinyu Wu, Lei He,gaozh@jlu.edu.cn

Journal Article

Tall Buildings with Dynamic Facade Under Winds

Fei Ding, Ahsan Kareem

Journal Article

Machine learning based altitude-dependent empirical LoS probability model for air-to-ground communications

Minghui PANG, Qiuming ZHU, Zhipeng LIN, Fei BAI, Yue TIAN, Zhuo LI, Xiaomin CHEN

Journal Article

Technology Foresight Research on China’s Environmental Engineering Science and Technology to 2035

Dan Zhigang,Shi Feifei,Wang Zhizeng,Wang Huieng、Zhang Peilei、Hao Jiming、Duan Ning

Journal Article

Research on simulation evaluation method based on duration contro-llability of network schedule

Pan Feifei,Wang Renchao and Cao Yonglei

Journal Article

Development of network schedule standardization system in hydraulic and hydropower engineering

Wang Renchao,Pan Feifei,Li Shiqi,Chen Jianyou

Journal Article

ECGID: a human identification method based on adaptive particle swarm optimization and the bidirectional LSTM model

Yefei Zhang, Zhidong Zhao, Yanjun Deng, Xiaohong Zhang, Yu Zhang,zhangyf@hdu.edu.cn,zhaozd@hdu.edu.cn,yanjund@hdu.edu.cn,xhzhang@hdu.edu.cn,zy2009@hdu.edu.cn

Journal Article

State of the Art of Compartment Fire Modeling

Zheng Xin,Yuan Hongyong

Journal Article

Study on hydrodynamic and synthetic water quality model for river networks

Zhang Mingliang,Shen Yongming

Journal Article

A general altitude-dependent path loss model for UAV-to-ground millimeter-wave communications

Qiuming Zhu, Mengtian Yao, Fei Bai, Xiaomin Chen, Weizhi Zhong, Boyu Hua, Xijuan Ye,zhuqiuming@nuaa.edu.cn,yaomengtian@nuaa.edu.cn,baifei@nuaa.edu.cn,chenxm402@nuaa.edu.cn,zhongwz@nuaa.edu.cn,byhua@nuaa.edu.cn,yexijuan@nuaa.edu.cn

Journal Article

Study on the Index System for “Internet Plus” Smart Environmental Protection

Liu Rui,Liu Wenqing,Wei Jinjin,Xie Tao,Wang Fei,Li Honghua and Yang Jingwen

Journal Article

Harmony Between Man and Nature Is the Need for Social Progress

Yuan Fei,Zhang Yuedong,Li Xiping

Journal Article

Analysis on the principle-agent model in construction project supply chain

Wu Yuhua,Zhang Qingmin

Journal Article