Industrial Power in Great Britain

Public Time: 1935-09-21 00:00:00
Journal: Nature
doi: 10.1038/136471d0
Summary: AT the National Electrical Convention held at Bournemouth on June 3-8, a paper on industrial power supply was read by F. Forrest, H. Hobson and C. Taite. They examine very thoroughly the dependence of Great Britain upon her manufacturing industries and how much mechanical and electrical power they take. Although widely extended use is being made by industry of the public electric supply services, a still wider use is advocated, as it has a cumulative effect upon economy of production, and many of the existing mechanical power plants are not economical. The introduction of labour-saving devices has proceeded more slowly in Great Britain than elsewhere; mass production methods also are much more widely applied in the United States and Germany. Compared with her principal competitors, there is a relative deficiency in the total power equipment per wage earner of Britain. This deficiency is partly due to the nature of British industries, which demand a greater proportion of hand processes, and in part to their earlier and more gradual development. The percentage of workers engaged in manufacture is appreciably higher in Britain than in the United States, France or Germany. The total horse-power has advanced from 1J horse-power per wage earner in 1907 to 2-81 per operative in 1930. Taking the average price of coal and electric power to be 100 in 1922, their prices fell to 75 and 59 in 1932. The advent of the Grid has enabled great reductions in capital cost owing to the use of much larger dynamos. In 1934, the average size of machine ordered was 40,000 kilowatts, which is four times the average size of a generating station in 1926. Examples are given showing how the Grid is leading to the decentralisation of industry.
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