Engineering

Article | 2022-01-06

Knockdown of a Specific Circular Non-coding RNA Significantly Suppresses Osteosarcoma Progression

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant mesenchymal tissue tumor known to occur in children and adolescents, and pulmonary metastasis often leads to death in these patients. The mechanism underlying OS progression remains unclear. Therefore, identifying new therapeutic targets and treatment modalities for OS is urgently needed. Abnormally expressed non-coding circular RNAs (circRNAs) are crucial for the occurrence and development of OS. The purpose of this study was to explore the expression and role of a novel circRNA circ_000203 in OS and elucidate the underlying mechanism. circ_000203 was demonstrated highly expressed in OS cell lines and tissues, and circ_000203 knockdown significantly inhibited OS progression in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that circ_000203 is a sponge of miR-26b-5p, an upstream regulator of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2). Thus, the overexpression of BMPR2 could reduce the inhibitory effect on OS progression. This indicates that knockdown of circ_000203 suppresses OS progression through microRNA (miRNA)-mediated BMPR2 downregulation. Our findings provide important insights for understanding the occurrence and development of OS.

Shidong Wang , Hongliang Zhang et al.

Review | 2022-01-06

Progress of Brain Network Studies on Anesthesia and Consciousness: Framework and Clinical Applications

Although the relationship between anesthesia and consciousness has been investigated for decades, our understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of anesthesia and consciousness remains rudimentary, which limits the development of systems for anesthesia monitoring and consciousness evaluation. Moreover, the current practices for anesthesia monitoring are mainly based on methods that do not provide adequate information and may present obstacles to the precise application of anesthesia. Most recently, there has been a growing trend to utilize brain network analysis to reveal the mechanisms of anesthesia, with the aim of providing novel insights to promote practical application. This review summarizes recent research on brain network studies of anesthesia, and compares the underlying neural mechanisms of consciousness and anesthesia along with the neural signs and measures of the distinct aspects of neural activity. Using the theory of cortical fragmentation as a starting point, we introduce important methods and research involving connectivity and network analysis. We demonstrate that whole-brain multimodal network data can provide important supplementary clinical information. More importantly, this review posits that brain network methods, if simplified, will likely play an important role in improving the current clinical anesthesia monitoring systems.

Jun Liu , Kangli Dong et al.

Article | 2022-01-27

Corrosion Management System in China

Corrosion management is vital to safety production, national economy, ecological civilization, resource conservation, and national construction. Although a few industries have conducted some fruitful exploration and practice in corrosion management, the overall development of corrosion management in China is very uneven, and there exist problems such as weak awareness of corrosion management, shortage of professionals, and imperfect management system. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the concept of corrosion management and clarify the basic requirements for the systematic development of corrosion management in China, so as to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the corrosion management system of China. Based on the major achievements of the Chinese Academy of Engineering consulting project “Strategic Research on the Status and Countermeasures of Corrosion Management in China”, this paper expounds on the corrosion management concept and the significance of the systematic development, analyzes the current status and problems of the corrosion management in China, summarizes the main points, and proposes the basic framework of the corrosion management system. Moreover, we propose several countermeasures to promote corrosion management, such as incorporating corrosion management into the national security strategy, strengthening the training of corrosion personnel, improving corrosion protection laws and standards, strengthening the construction of corrosion databases, building an information exchange platform, and creating a new mode of shared management.

Ma Xiumin , Zhu Guiyu et al.

Article | 2022-01-27

Development of Energy and Mining Governance System Based on New-Generation Information Technology

In view of the risks and challenges facing China’s energy and mining security, this article analyzes the changes and development pattern of China’s energy demand under the target of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. The coupling development of new and fossil energy resources is an inevitable path for ensuring a stable supply of diversified energies in China in the future. In this article, we study the characteristics of fifth-generation communication, big data, blockchain, and artificial intelligence technologies and their application prospects in the energy and mining fields, and propose a technological path for reforming China’s energy and mining governance system based on the new-generation information technologies. Specifically, we explore the integration of the newgeneration information technologies with the energy and mining development technologies and their application to energy production, transportation, consumption, market, and government regulation. Moreover, we propose a strategic approach of building a new governance model of energy and mining industries based on the new-generation information technologies. To this end, it is necessary to strengthen basic research and equipment development, support new infrastructure construction in energy and mining fields, provide policy and fund guarantee, and establish a national intelligent platform for energy and mining safety production and trade.

Wang Guofa , Zhang Tiegang et al.

Article | 2022-01-27

Green Development of Industrial Parks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

This study aims to uncover the paradigm of green development of industrial parks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt by integrating economic development, spatial configuration, pillar industries, energy-environmental infrastructure, water use, and economic-environmental performance. We identify the major challenges faced by the industrial parks in the region and then propose policy implications targeting eco-transformation of the parks. The key findings are as follows. Industrial parks have been playing a significant role on facilitating manufacturing industry and economic-social development in the Yangtze River Basin, by contributing more than 50% of the gross industrial output values of the provinces along the Yangtze River. It is necessary to strengthen the strategic position of the industrial parks for robust manufacturing industries in China. However, along the Yangtze River, there are large number heavy-industries and industrial parks, posing intensive pressure on resources and energy, as well as a huge pollutants emission. We classify four major points on ecological-environmental issues in the parks. First, some parks still need to enhance the initiative, consciousness and innovation of ecological civilization construction. Second, the parks should pose great importance on optimizing the industrial structure and environmental management of industrial parks, and declining the gap between leading parks and lowefficient ones substantially. Third, many parks have high carbon dioxide emissions, and have employed a coal-dependent energy infrastructure featured by small capacity and low efficiency. Fourth, industrial parks have yet to effectively control the total amount of freshwater consumption and reduce toxic and harmful pollutants reduction, pursuing clean and safe water. Given the challenges,
we propose policy recommendations on innovation and eco-transformation of industrial parks from three aspects to achieve a marked height. The first aspect is to strengthen the grand plan for green development of industrial parks by integrating the upstream and downstream regions. The local authorities have the demand to release green development report annually. The second aspect is to deepen the green and low-carbon transformation of parks through conserving resources, increasing eco-efficiency, and exploring renewable resources comprehensively. Furthermore, it is crucial to advance the overall efficiency of energy and environmental infrastructure from the consideration of life cycle. Fostering industrial symbiosis between infrastructure is also a promising alternative. Third, it is urgent to balance the development of chemical industrial parks and the carrying capacity of water systems, by controlling pollution for the whole process using precise and scientific strategies, employing sustainable water stewardship, and protecting water eco-system.

Hao Jiming , Tian Jinping et al.

Article | 2022-01-27

Several Strategic Issues for the Construction of Ecological Civilization in Yangtze River Economic Belt

To promote the construction of ecological civilization in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Chinese Academy of Engineering launched a major consulting project in 2019 titled “Study on Several Strategic Issues for the Construction of Ecological Civilization in Yangtze River Economic Belt”. Based on the results of the project, this paper summarizes the achievements of ecological civilization construction in Yangtze River Economic Belt in terms of top-level design, green demonstration, ecological protection, and environmental improvement, and then analyzes its main challenges regarding territorial development, industrial layout, river–lake relationship, ecological security, energy development, and environmental risks. Based on the concept of a life community of mountains, rivers, forests, farmland, lakes, grass, and sand, we propose several strategic suggestions focusing on ecological space management and control, water ecosystem health, green and high-quality development, ecological protection and restoration, ecological agriculture and forestry development, ecological product value realization, and ecolog¬ical civilization governance system.

Hao Jiming , Wang Jinnan et al.

Latest Research
More

Focus
More

Conferences
More

Latest Research More

Focus More

Conferences More

Latest Research
More

Focus
More

Conferences
More