Reliability-Based Code Calibration of Pultruded Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer I-Section Beams Under End-Two-Flange and Interior-Two-Flange Web-Crippling Loading Cases

André Dias Martins , Ângelo Palos Teixeira , Nuno Silvestre , João Ramôa Correia

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Engineering ›› DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.019

Reliability-Based Code Calibration of Pultruded Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer I-Section Beams Under End-Two-Flange and Interior-Two-Flange Web-Crippling Loading Cases

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Abstract

This paper presents a reliability-based code calibration procedure aimed at determining optimal partial safety factors to be employed in design rules for pultruded glass fibre-reinforced polymer (pGFRP) I-section beams, susceptible to web-crippling, namely under end-two-flange (ETF) and interior-two-flange (ITF) loading cases with unfastened flanges. Following a comprehensive state-of-the-art literature overview regarding web-crippling of pGFRP beams, the description of a direct strength method (DSM)-based resistance model for the two web-crippling loading cases is presented. Next, attention is turned to the detailed description of the (structural) reliability-based code calibration procedure for both loading cases. This includes detailing all the necessary steps and pertinent data, encompassing the adopted probabilistic models for material properties, loads, geometrical dimensions, and resistance model uncertainty. Then, the results obtained through the application of the code calibration procedure are presented, validated, and discussed. Lastly, the paper closes by presenting relevant concluding remarks, which include recommendations for the partial safety factors to be applied in the resistance model for pGFRP I-beams under ETF and ITF loading cases.

Keywords

Pultruded glass fibre-reinforced polymers (pGFRP) / Web-crippling / End-Two-Flange (ETF) / Interior-Two-Flange (ITF) / Structural safety / Reliability-based code calibration / Partial safety factors

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André Dias Martins, Ângelo Palos Teixeira, Nuno Silvestre, João Ramôa Correia. Reliability-Based Code Calibration of Pultruded Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer I-Section Beams Under End-Two-Flange and Interior-Two-Flange Web-Crippling Loading Cases. Engineering DOI:10.1016/j.eng.2025.03.019

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CRediT authorship contribution statement

André Dias Martins: Writing – review & editing, Writing – original draft, Validation, Software, Methodology, Conceptualization. Ângelo Palos Teixeira: Writing – review & editing, Supervision, Methodology, Funding acquisition, Conceptualization. Nuno Silvestre: Writing – review & editing, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. João Ramôa Correia: Writing – review & editing, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, FCT) (project PTDC/ECI-EGC/3916/2021), for the financial support. This work was also supported by FCT, through projects Laboratory of Energy, Transports and Aerospace (LAETA) Base Funding and LAETA Programatic Funding, Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS, project UIDB/04625/2020), and Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering (CENTEC, project UIDB/UIDP/00134/2020).

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