Effect of Nanobubbles on the Microstructural and Mechanical Performance of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites

Hong-Joon Choi; Soonho Kim; Namkon Lee; Jung-Jun Park; Nemkumar Banthia; Doo-Yeol Yoo

doi:10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.013

Engineering ›› DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.013

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Effect of Nanobubbles on the Microstructural and Mechanical Performance of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites

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Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)-consuming strain-hardening cementitious composites (CC-SHCCs) are sustainable and highly ductile materials characterized by outstanding tensile properties and carbon consumption capacity. This study proposes the use of nanobubble water (NBW) for CC-SHCCs based on the durable physical properties and element transport capabilities of nanobubbles. The analysis of porosity characteristics of NBW and CO₂-capturing NBW (NBW + C) shows that nanobubbles reduce micro-sized porosity, while significantly enhancing nanosized porosity. The use of NBW led to an improvement in compressive strength, and NBW + C highlighted the benefits of CO₂ capture by achieving a maximum of 128.5 MPa. In the direct tensile test, the specimens using NBW and NBW + C as the mixing water exhibited improved load distribution and extended strain-hardening regions. The specimen utilized NBW + C both in the mixing and curing stages and achieves a strain capacity of 7.79 % and an energy absorption capacity (g-value) of 1023 kJ·m⁻³, which represents exceptional tensile characteristics. Chemical analysis showed that the introduction of nanobubbles and increased CO₂ concentration promoted the transfer and accumulation of calcium and hydroxide ions, accelerating the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels and calcium carbonate (CC). In particular, an exceptionally high net CO₂ consumption capacity () of 2.333 was achieved when NBW + C was used as mixing and curing water.

Keywords

Strain-hardening cementitious composites / CO₂ uptake / Nanobubble / Polyethylene fiber / Tensile behavior / Micro crack analysis

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Hong-Joon Choi, Soonho Kim, Namkon Lee, Jung-Jun Park, Nemkumar Banthia, Doo-Yeol Yoo. Effect of Nanobubbles on the Microstructural and Mechanical Performance of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites. Engineering DOI:10.1016/j.eng.2025.08.013

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