Accurate Lifetime Design of Critical Mechanical Equipment for Clean-Energy Generation in the Context of Carbon Neutrality

Run-Zi Wang; Wen-Rui Nie; Chuanyang Lu; Zhengyang Zhang; Yipu Xu; Yutaka S. Sato; Hideo Miura; Xian-Cheng Zhang; Shan-Tung Tu

doi:10.1016/j.eng.2025.09.029

Engineering ›› DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2025.09.029

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Accurate Lifetime Design of Critical Mechanical Equipment for Clean-Energy Generation in the Context of Carbon Neutrality

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Abstract

In the context of carbon neutrality, the large-scale commercialization of clean-energy generation demands an innovative engineering paradigm that can ensure the reliability and durability of the associated critical mechanical equipment. In this study, structural-integrity challenges that are encountered during the clean-energy transition were investigated, and advancements in accurate lifetime-design methodologies were explored. This study addressed the complexities of multi-mode damage interactions and demonstrated the effects of such interactions on the critical mechanical equipment. By tracking the evolution of lifetime-design approaches, the fundamental aspects of damage-driven lifetime-design methodologies were determined. A case study that involved creep–fatigue–oxidation interactions demonstrated the simplicity and high accuracy of the modeling methodology that was developed during this study for industrial applications. To evaluate the carbon-reduction benefits that are associated with lifetime extension, a three-level quantitative criterion, which links prediction scatter, extension potential, and net emissions reduction, was developed. Hierarchical Bayesian modeling was also implemented to capture multi-level uncertainties across various regions and energy types, thereby providing probabilistic insights into diverse operational scenarios. In the future, accurate lifetime design is expected to be integrated into a full-chain technical tetrahedron for structural-integrity evaluations; thus, it will redefine the role of engineering in the design, manufacture, operation, and maintenance of mechanical equipment that is critical for a sustainable future.

Keywords

Mechanical equipment / Clean energy / Multiple damage interactions / Lifetime design / Carbon reduction

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Run-Zi Wang, Wen-Rui Nie, Chuanyang Lu, Zhengyang Zhang, Yipu Xu, Yutaka S. Sato, Hideo Miura, Xian-Cheng Zhang, Shan-Tung Tu. Accurate Lifetime Design of Critical Mechanical Equipment for Clean-Energy Generation in the Context of Carbon Neutrality. Engineering DOI:10.1016/j.eng.2025.09.029

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