交通工程的产生与发展始终围绕着交通系统中的人车路耦合关系，来实现高效、安全、绿色的目标。载运工具智能化和车路/车车互联推动了车路协同技术的发展，将使交通系统逐渐从车路协调走向车路协同，并进一步提升交通系统的效能与安全。在车路协同环境下，传统交通系统中人为因素弱化，人车路耦合性增强，系统可控可测，随机性减弱，系统的感知、决策及控制主体逐渐从驾驶人转向机器，这给传统交通工程的基础理论方法带来了诸多变化与挑战。本文主要从人车路耦合的角度重点探讨车路协同系统对交通工程的影响，并提出未来发展过程中亟需解决的科学问题。

The development of transportation engineering is performed with a focus on the coupling between human, vehicles, and roads to improve the level of efficiency, safety, and environmental friendliness. Technologies associated with the cooperative vehicle infrastructure system (CVIS), which is based on the concepts of intelligent vehicles and V2V and V2I communication, will cause the transportation system configuration to gradually change from human-vehicle-road coordination to vehicle-infrastructure cooperation, thereby greatly improving traffic efficiency and safety. Under the CVIS environment, conventional human factors affecting traffic have less influence, and the coupling of human-vehicle-road is enhanced; thus, the systems can be controlled and evaluated effectively, and the randomness in traffic systems can be reduced. The processes of perception, decision-making, and control are performed by robots instead of humans, and this could lead to numerous changes and challenges to the theory of transportation. This paper discusses the influence of CVIS on transportation engineering, and the associated scientific issues.