月球探测目标转向“认识与利用并重”已是国际趋势，月面基础设施建造（LIC）将成为人类开发和利用月球的关键内容；我国也在开展月球基地建造的计划部署，需要系统梳理并科学研判LIC的重大任务需求与技术发展方向。本文依托跨领域的专家团队，梳理并分析了主要航天大国的深空探测规划及研究文献，基于相关的文献计量数据形成了涵盖核心目标与支撑能力的LIC任务需求清单、LIC关键技术清单；基于上述清单设计了调查问卷，组织领域专家完成了调研工作，对问卷数据进行了深度挖掘与综合研判。提出了LIC核心任务与关键技术体系，识别出月面太阳能发电、制氧等基础设施优先建造任务以及月壤打印技术、月面原位钻探技术等关键技术环节，评估了技术成熟度、实现路径和相应发展瓶颈。构建的LIC任务与技术体系，为我国LIC能力布局提供了数据支持与方向指引，也为深空探测重大任务的阶段部署与资源配置提供了参考框架。

It has become an international trend for lunar exploration objectives to shift toward "emphasizing both understanding and utilization." Lunar infrastructure construction (LIC) will become a critical element in humanity's development and utilization of the Moon. China is also conducting the planning and deployment of lunar base construction, necessitating a systematic review and scientific evaluation of the major task requirements and technological development directions for LIC. Relying on an interdisciplinary team of experts, this study reviews the deep space exploration plans and research literature of major spacefaring nations. Based on relevant bibliometric data, it formulates a LIC task requirement list covering core objectives and supporting capabilities, as well as a LIC key technology list. Based on the above lists, a questionnaire was designed, and domain experts were organized to complete the survey. The questionnaire data then underwent in-depth mining and comprehensive evaluation. The research proposes the LIC core task and key technology system, identifying priority construction tasks such as power generation and oxygen production infrastructure, and key technological aspects such as lunar regolith printing and in-situ drilling on the lunar surface. Additionally, it assesses the technology maturity levels, implementation pathways, and development bottlenecks. The LIC task and technology system constructed in this study not only provides data support and directional guidance for China's LIC capability layout but also offers a reference framework for the phased deployment and resource allocation of major deep space exploration missions.