我国数字医疗发展现状、挑战与对策研究
Current Development Status, Challenges, and Countermeasures of Digital Healthcare in China
信息技术与医疗健康深度融合成为趋势,数字医疗在优化医疗资源供需匹配、提升健康服务可及性方面具有突出优势,成为医疗卫生服务体系变革的核心驱动力。本文系统梳理了我国数字医疗发展现状与趋势,涵盖智慧医院、主动健康、公共卫生等方向;凝练了数据治理流程规范化方面的数据获取的质量保证与隐私安全、数据利用的基础算力与分析能力等难题,数智服务应用均等化方面的公平可及与按需供给、可靠决策与过程可信、动态响应与迭代演化等难题,医疗卫生资源配置协同化方面的院内/院际协作的协同配置与共享机制、线上/线下联动的资源互通与流程关联等难题。可在建立医疗卫生数据的统一治理体系、整合医联网环境下的跨域医疗卫生数据,采取医疗卫生服务的均等保障策略、发展安全可信的数智医疗基础模型,构建医疗卫生资源的协同配置机制、联通医疗卫生服务全流程的多主体资源等方面采取行动,推动医联网环境下数据合规高效开发利用、智慧医疗卫生数智服务公平可及、优质医疗卫生资源均衡布局。
The deep integration of information technologies and healthcare has become a prevailing trend. Digital healthcare, with its prominent advantages in optimizing the supply-demand matching of medical resources and enhancing the accessibility of health services, has emerged as a core driving force in the transformation of the healthcare service system. This study reviews the current development status and trends of digital healthcare in China, covering areas such as smart hospitals, proactive health, and public health. It identifies key challenges from the aspects of standardized data governance (involving data quality assurance and privacy protection in acquisition, as well as foundational computational power and analytical capabilities for data utilization), equitable access to digital and intelligent health services (involving fair availability and on-demand provision, reliable decision-making with trustworthy processes, and dynamic responsiveness with iterative evolution), and coordinated allocation of healthcare resources (involving effective intra- and inter-hospital collaboration and sharing mechanisms, as well as resource interoperability and process linkage for online/offline integration). To address these challenges, we propose (1) establishing a unified governance system for healthcare data and integrating cross-domain healthcare data under the Internet of Healthcare Systems (IHS) environment; (2) adopting equalization safeguarding strategies for healthcare services and developing secure and trustworthy foundational models for digital and intelligent healthcare; and (3) constructing coordinated mechanisms for healthcare resource allocation to connect multi-stakeholder resources across the entire healthcare service process. These measures aim to promote the compliant and efficient development of data, ensure equitable access to digital and intelligent services of smart healthcare, and achieve a balanced distribution of high-quality healthcare resources.
数字医疗 / 智慧医院 / 主动健康 / 公共卫生 / 生成式人工智能 / 数智服务
digital healthcare / smart hospital / proactive health / public health / generative artificial intelligence / digital and intelligent services
| [1] |
Fortune Business Insights. Digital health market size, share & industry analysis 2024—2032 [EB/OL]. (2024-12-30)[2024-12-31]. https://www.fortunebusinessinsights. com/industry-reports/digital-health-market-100227. |
| [2] |
Xiao W, Huang X, Wang J H, et al. Screening and identifying hepatobiliary diseases through deep learning using ocular images: A prospective, multicentre study [J]. The Lancet Digital Health, 2021, 3(2): 88‒97. |
| [3] |
Lin X Q, Wei R, Xu Z M, et al. A deep learning model for personalized intra-arterial therapy planning in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter retrospective study [J]. eClinicalMedicine, 2024, 75: 102808. |
| [4] |
Mao Y, Xu N, Wu Y, et al. Assessments of lung nodules by an artificial intelligence chatbot using longitudinal CT images [J]. Cell Reports Medicine, 2025, 6(3): 101988. |
| [5] |
Hwang E H, Guo X, Tan Y, et al. Delivering healthcare through teleconsultations: Implications for offline healthcare disparity [J]. Information Systems Research, 2022, 33(2): 515‒539. |
| [6] |
Song J, Wang X, Wang B, et al. Learning implementation of a guideline based decision support system to improve hypertension treatment in primary care in China: Pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial [J]. BMJ, 2024, 386: e079143. |
| [7] |
杨善林, 李霄剑, 张强, AIGC的科学基础 [J]. 工程管理科技前沿, 2023, 42(6): 1‒14. |
| [8] |
Yang S L, Li X J, Zhang Q, et al. Scientific basis of artificial intelligence generated content [J]. Frontiers of Science and Technology of Engineering Management, 2023, 42(6): 1‒14. |
| [9] |
Sandmann S, Riepenhausen S, Plagwitz L, et al. Systematic analysis of ChatGPT, Google search and Llama 2 for clinical decision support tasks [J]. Nature Communications, 2024, 15(1): 2050. |
| [10] |
Liu N, Wan G, Wang S. Design of patient visit itineraries in tandem systems [J]. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2024, 26(3): 972‒991. |
| [11] |
Wan P, Huang Z, Tang W, et al. Outpatient reception via collaboration between nurses and a large language model: A randomized controlled trial [J]. Nature Medicine, 2024, 30(10): 2878‒2885. |
| [12] |
Yeung S, Rinaldo F, Jopling J, et al. A computer vision system for deep learning-based detection of patient mobilization activities in the ICU [J]. npj Digital Medicine, 2019, 2: 11. |
| [13] |
Liu N, van Jaarsveld W, Wang S, et al. Managing outpatient service with strategic walk-ins [J]. Management Science, 2023, 69(10): 5904‒5922. |
| [14] |
Wang C, Lee C, Shin H. Digital therapeutics from bench to bedside [J]. npj Digital Medicine, 2023, 6: 38. |
| [15] |
Sun Y M, Wang Z Y, Liang Y Y, et al. Digital biomarkers for precision diagnosis and monitoring in Parkinson’s disease [J]. npj Digital Medicine, 2024, 7: 218. |
| [16] |
Yue Z J, Shi M J, Ding S. Facial video-based remote physiological measurement via self-supervised learning [J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2023, 45(11): 13844‒13859. |
| [17] |
Zhang W, Zhang S, Deng Y, et al. Trial of intensive blood-pressure control in older patients with hypertension [J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2021, 385(14): 1268‒1279. |
| [18] |
Xiao N, Ding Y, Cui B, et al. Navigating obesity: A comprehensive review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, complications and management strategies [J]. The Innovation Medicine, 2024, 2(3): 100090. |
| [19] |
Yu S, Chai Y D, Chen H, et al. Wearable sensor-based chronic condition severity assessment: An adversarial attention-based deep multisource multitask learning approach [J]. MIS Quarterly, 2022, 46(3): 1355‒1394. |
| [20] |
Yuan W S, Shi W H, Chen L X, et al. Digital physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A randomized clinical trial [J]. JAMA Network Open, 2025, 8(2): e2459929. |
| [21] |
Chen W, Lu Y X, Qiu L F, et al. Designing personalized treatment plans for breast cancer [J]. Information Systems Research, 2021, 32(3): 932‒949. |
| [22] |
Sheng B, Guan Z Y, Lim L L, et al. Large language models for diabetes care: Potentials and prospects [J]. Science Bulletin, 2024, 69(5): 583‒588. |
| [23] |
刘民, 梁万年, 胡健, 重大突发传染病智能化主动监测预警系统设计研究 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2024, 26(6): 65‒76. |
| [24] |
Liu M, Liang W N, Hu J, et al. Design of an intelligent active surveillance and early warning system for infectious diseases [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2024, 26(6): 65‒76. |
| [25] |
Yu L J, Ji P S, Ren X, et al. Inter-city movement pattern of notifiable infectious diseases in China: A social network analysis [J]. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 2025, 54: 101261. |
| [26] |
Wang J F, Zhao Z P, Yang J, et al. The association between depression and all-cause, cause-specific mortality in the Chinese population, 2010—2022 [J]. China CDC Weekly, 2024, 6(40): 1022‒1027. |
| [27] |
Torok M, Han J, Baker S, et al. Suicide prevention using self-guided digital interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials [J]. The Lancet Digital Health, 2020, 2(1): 25‒36. |
| [28] |
Perochon S, Di Martino J M, Carpenter K L H, et al. Early detection of autism using digital behavioral phenotyping [J]. Nature Medicine, 2023, 29(10): 2489‒2497. |
中国工程院咨询项目“数字医疗发展战略及能力建设研究”(2024-XBZD-18)
国家自然科学基金项目(72293581)
国家自然科学基金项目(72293585)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |