长江航运现代化的功能定位与战略路径研究
Functional Orientation and Strategic Pathway of the Modernization of Yangtze River Shipping
长江航运是综合交通运输体系和水资源综合利用的核心组成部分,其现代化是加快建设交通强国、支撑实现中国式现代化的必然要求。本文从需求、目标、循环、实践、比较等向度,分析了长江航运发展面临的新要求;从国土空间规划、区域协调发展、省域经济布局、综合立体交通网构建等维度,研究了新时代长江航运的功能定位,包括国民经济循环畅通的主动脉、区域协调发展的主支撑、长三角 ‒ 成渝交通轴的主骨架、国家内贸运输的主通道、美丽中国建设的主阵地、引领内河航运高质量发展的主力军;进而分析了长江航运现代化的目标意涵,提出了中期和远期的发展目标,探讨了推进现代化建设的路径选择。研究建议,在基础设施“硬联通”、运输服务“软提升”、行业管理效能提升、统一开放市场建设和安全保障、绿色转型、智慧赋能、服务区域协调发展等方面开展积极行动,强化顶层设计、试点示范、推进实施、人才建设、政策支持、合作协作等保障,助力高质量推进长江航运现代化建设。
Yangtze River shipping constitutes a core component of the comprehensive transportation system and the integrated utilization of water resources. Its modernization is an inevitable requirement for boosting China's strength in transportation and realizing Chinese path to modernization. From the perspectives of demand, goals, economic circulation, practical exploration, and comparative analysis, this study analyzes the new requirements confronting the development of Yangtze River shipping. From the dimensions of national territorial spatial planning, regional coordinated development, provincial economic layout, and construction of the comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network, it investigates the functional orientation of the Yangtze River shipping in the new era, which is defined as: the main artery facilitating unimpeded circulation of the national economy, the primary support for regional coordinated development, the backbone of the Yangtze River DeltaV‒Chengdu‒Chongqing transportation axis, the main channel for national domestic trade transportation, the core arena for construction of a beautiful China, and the leading force driving the high-quality development of inland waterway shipping. Furthermore, this study elaborates on the goals of Yangtze river shipping modernization, proposes phased development objectives covering the medium-term and long-term periods, and explores the pathways for advancing its modernization. The research recommends proactive measures in the following aspects: "hard connectivity" of infrastructure, "soft upgrading" of transportation services, improving industry governance efficiency, building a unified and open shipping market, strengthening safety safeguards, promoting green and low-carbon transformation, empowering smart development, and supporting regional coordinated development. Meanwhile, it is essential to strengthen supporting mechanisms including top-level design, pilot demonstration, implementation promotion, talent cultivation, policy support, and multi-stakeholder collaboration, so as to facilitate the high-quality advancement of Yangtze River shipping modernization.
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