建筑固废“正 ‒ 逆向”协同资源化理论构建与应用前瞻
Forward-Reverse Synergy Reclamation of Construction and Demolition Waste: Theoretical Framework and Application Prospect
针对我国建筑固废资源化率仍然不高、处置不当易引发环境与安全风险,本文提出了建筑固废“正 ‒ 逆向”协同资源化理论,旨在破解资源化过程中重末端处理、轻源头减量、忽视市场拉动的系统性瓶颈。贯通以末端处置为核心的“正向”资源化、以源头减量和市场需求为牵引的“逆向”资源化,拓展了以动态反馈、利益协调、风险控制为核心机制的理论内涵。构建了包含技术、政策、市场维度的立体化实施路径:优化预处理技术,开发可拆解、可重构、模块化生产线,研发高附加值的再生产品,拓展枢纽化处置技术;完善标准体系,构建跨区域的奖惩联动、利益分配与协同机制;建立绿色认证体系,创新政府与市场协同模式,将生产企业纳入碳交易体系。在相应理论框架下,设计了“正值资源化率”评价指标,结合上海市的案例完成评价指标的实证应用,发现当前上海市建筑固废“正值资源化率”仅为39.3%;“正值资源化率”指标具有通用性,可作为各地区系统评估资源化效果的方法论工具。建筑固废“正 ‒ 逆向”协同资源化理论是推动“无废城市”建设、实现2030年我国建筑固废资源化率55%阶段性目标的基础支撑,有助于促进建筑固废资源化管理的系统性变革。
Confronting the low recycling rate of construction and demolition wastes (CDWs) and the improper disposal that can easily trigger environmental and safety risks, this study proposes a forward‒reverse synergy reclamation theory for CDWs, aiming to break the bottlenecks of overemphasizing end-of-pipe treatment while underestimating source reduction and market incentives. The study integrates a "forward" recycling approach centered on end-of-pipe disposal with a "reverse" recycling approach driven by source reduction and market demand, and expands the theoretical connotation that centers on dynamic feedback, interest coordination, and risk control. Furthermore, implementation pathways are designed across technical, policy, and market dimensions. Technically, it is proposed to optimize pretreatment technologies, build disassemblable, reconfigurable, and modular production lines, develop high-value-added recycled products, and expand hub-based disposal technologies. In terms of policies, the standards system should be improved to establish cross-regional mechanisms for incentive/penalty linkage, benefit distribution, and coordination. As for market pathways, it is suggested to establish green certification systems, innovate government‒market collaboration models, and incorporate production enterprises into the carbon trading system. Under this theoretical framework, the study proposes a positive resource recovery rate as a novel evaluation indicator. A case study of Shanghai demonstrates the empirical application of the indicator, revealing that the current positive resource recovery rate for CDWs in Shanghai is only 39.3%. The positive resource recovery rate is universally applicable and can serve as a methodological tool for systematically assessing the recycling effectiveness across different regions. The forward‒reverse synergy reclamation theory for CDWs provides a fundamental support for the construction of zero-waste cities and for achieving the interim target of a 55% CDW recycling rate by 2030, contributing to the systemic transformation in CDW recycling management.
建筑固废 / 资源化 / “正 ‒ 逆向”协同 / 正值资源化率 / 资源化枢纽 / 低碳
construction and demolition waste / reclamation / forward‒reverse synergy / positive resource recovery rate / recycling hub / low carbon
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