我国制造业创新体系的十年成就与未来展望
Ten-Year Achievements and Future Prospects of China's Manufacturing Innovation System
制造业创新体系是提升制造业核心竞争力、实现高水平科技自立自强的系统保障,构建自主可控、高效协同的制造业创新体系对推进新型工业化、加快建设制造强国具有重要意义。本文系统回顾了2015—2025年我国制造业创新体系的建设历程与成效。研究表明,过去十年,我国制造业创新体系实现了从理论蓝图到实践建构的系统性演进;创新路径正经历从“引进、消化、吸收、再创新”向“自主创新”转变,由“跟随”向“并行”转变,部分已步入“领跑”阶段;我国制造业创新体系在提升综合实力、强化企业主体地位、构建网络化平台及优化系统环境等方面取得显著成就。同时,本文分析了未来十年(2026—2035年)我国制造业创新体系发展面临的历史性机遇与严峻挑战,其发展机遇源于颠覆性技术变革与我国系统性优势的交汇,挑战则来自外部技术遏制与内部转型瓶颈。展望未来,研究提出,未来制造业创新体系将向“数据驱动、网络协同、生态共生、以人为本”的现代化范式演进,并从筑牢源头根基、激活核心主体、优化平台网络、强化要素支撑和转换创新模式等方面提出了我国制造业创新体系的建设路径,以期为推动新型工业化、加快建设制造强国提供理论参考与实践路径。
The manufacturing innovation system serves as a systematic guarantee for enhancing the core competitiveness of the manufacturing industry and achieving high-level self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology. Building an independent, efficient, and collaborative manufacturing innovation system is crucial for advancing new industrialization and strengthening the manufacturing sector of China. This study reviews the development process and achievements of China's manufacturing innovation system from 2015 to 2025. Research indicates that over the past decade, China's manufacturing innovation system has undergone a systematic evolution from a theoretical blueprint to practical construction. The innovation pathway is transitioning from "introduction, digestion, absorption, and re-innovation" to "independent innovation," shifting from "following" to "running in parallel," with some areas having entered a "leading" stage. Significant achievements have been made in enhancing comprehensive strength, strengthening the dominant role of enterprises, constructing networked platforms, and optimizing the systemic environment. Simultaneously, this study analyzes the historic opportunities and severe challenges facing the development of China's manufacturing innovation system in the next decade (2026—2035). The developmental opportunities arise from the convergence of disruptive technological transformations and China's systemic advantages, while challenges stem from external technological containment and internal transformation bottlenecks. Looking ahead, the study proposes that future manufacturing innovation systems will evolve toward a modern paradigm characterized by "data-driven development, network-based collaboration, ecosystem symbiosis, and people-centric development." Furthermore, pathways for constructing China's manufacturing innovation system are proposed, focusing on consolidating foundational sources, activating core entities, optimizing platform networks, strengthening factor support, and transforming innovation models. This study aims to provide theoretical references and practical approaches for advancing new industrialization and strengthening the manufacturing sector of China.
制造业 / 创新体系 / 创新主体 / 创新范式 / 创新平台 / 新型工业化
manufacturing / innovation system / innovation entities / innovation paradigm / innovation platform / new industrialization
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