中国电力装备制造业十年发展成效与展望
Power Equipment Manufacturing Industry of China: Ten-Year Achievements and prospects
自2015年《中国制造2025》将电力装备列为十大重点发展领域以来,我国电力装备制造业实现了历史性跨越,已成为全球产业格局中的重要引领者。本文系统评估了2015—2025年我国电力装备制造业的发展成效,聚焦发电装备、输变电设备、节能与储能装备三大领域,从技术水平、产业规模、市场格局和全球影响力4个维度展开分析。研究表明,我国电力装备工业增加值年均增长9%以上,2024年规模以上企业超过3万家,全产业链国产化率达90%以上。通过构建“政策引导 ‒ 创新驱动 ‒ 市场拉动 ‒ 生态协同”的分析框架,本文揭示了技术快速迭代、产业集群化发展和工程应用牵引是我国电力装备实现从“跟跑”到“领跑”的核心路径。面向2035年新型电力系统建设目标,未来需在高端材料、核心器件、数字化融合等方向持续突破,推动产业向价值链高端攀升。
Since “China Manufacturing 2025” listed power equipment as one of the ten key development areas in 2015, the power equipment manufacturing industry of China has achieved a historic leap, becoming a significant leader in the global industrial landscape. This study evaluates the development achievements of China’s power equipment manufacturing industry from 2015 to 2025, focusing on three major fields: power generation equipment, power transmission and transformation equipment, and energy saving and storage equipment. The analysis is conducted from four dimensions: technological level, industrial scale, market structure, and global influence. The study reveals that the added value of China’s power equipment industry has grown at an average annual rate of over 9%, with over 30 000 large-scale enterprises by 2024, and a localization rate of over 90% across the entire industrial chain. By constructing an analytical framework of “policy guidance ‒ innovation-driven development ‒ market driving ‒ ecological synergy,” this study identifies rapid technological iteration, cluster-based industrial development, and major engineering demonstration as the core pathways for China’s power equipment to transition from following to leading. Looking toward the 2035 goal of building a new power system, future efforts must focus on continuous breakthroughs in high-end materials, core components, and digital integration to propel the industry toward the higher end of the value chain.
电力装备 / 中国制造2025 / 自主创新 / 全球治理 / 新型电力系统
power equipment / China Manufacturing 2025 / independent innovation / global governance / new power system
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