我国智能制造发展十年回顾总结与未来展望
Ten-Year Review and Future Prospect of Intelligent Manufacturing Development in China
智能制造是制造强国建设的主攻方向,助力制造业智能化、绿色化、融合化发展并焕发新质生产力的主要路径;新一代人工智能技术蓬勃发展并与制造业深度融合,加速推动智能制造迈向新一代智能制造。本文回顾了我国智能制造的发展背景和和政策实践情况,总结了智能工厂、新模式和新业态、装备技术创新、数字化转型、标准体系等方面的发展成效,凝练了保持战略定力、创新理论体系、重视信息技术设施建设、深化国际合作、重视专业人才培养等发展经验。研究认为,新一代智能制造在制造业产品设计、智能制造装备、工厂操作系统、工业软件、智能体技术、系统集成技术、产业竞争模式等方面演进迅速,未来十年需要强化战略引领作用、加强关键核心技术攻关、发展智能制造装备、推广新业态和新模式、优化发展生态,以接续推动制造强国建设、实现制造业转型升级。
Intelligent manufacturing is the main direction for boosting China's strength in manufacturing development, and it serves as the primary pathway to promote the intelligent, green, and integrated development of the manufacturing industry, thereby developing new-quality productive forces. The advancement of next-generation artificial intelligence technologies and their deep integration with the manufacturing sector are accelerating the transition of intelligent manufacturing toward a new generation. This study reviews the developmental background and policy practices of intelligent manufacturing in China, summarizes the achievements in areas such as smart factories, new models and formats, equipment technology innovation, digital transformation, and standards system development, and analyzes experiences including maintaining strategic focuses, innovating theoretical systems, emphasizing the construction of the information technology infrastructure, deepening international cooperation, and focusing on professional talent cultivation. Research indicates that the new generation of intelligent manufacturing is evolving rapidly in aspects such as manufacturing product design, intelligent manufacturing equipment, factory operating systems, industrial software, agent technology, system integration technology, and industrial competition models. Over the next decade, it is necessary to strengthen strategic guidance, enhance breakthroughs in key core technologies, develop intelligent manufacturing equipment, promote new formats and models, and optimize the development ecosystem, thus to continue advancing the construction of a manufacturing powerhouse and achieve the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in China.
智能制造 / 智能工厂 / 数字化转型 / 工厂操作系统 / 制造强国
intelligent manufacturing / smart factory / digital transformation / factory operating system / manufacturing powerhouse
| [1] |
冯鹏程, 杨虎涛. 保持制造业合理比重 推进先进制造业发展 [N]. 光明日报, 2025-12-16(11). |
| [2] |
Feng P C, Yang H T. Maintaining a reasonable proportion of manufacturing and promoting the development of advanced manufacturing [N]. Guangming Daily, 2025-12-16(11). |
| [3] |
单忠德, 汪俊, 张倩. 批量定制柔性生产的数字化、智能化、网络化制造发展 [J]. 物联网学报, 2021, 5(3): 1‒9. |
| [4] |
Shan Z D, Wang J, Zhang Q. Development of digital intelligent networked manufacturing for flexible customized manufacturing [J]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2021, 5(3): 1‒9. |
| [5] |
唐立新, 杨叔子, 林奕鸿. 先进制造技术与系统 第二讲 智能制造——21世纪的制造技术 [J]. 机械与电子, 1996, 14(2): 33‒36, 42. |
| [6] |
Tang L X, Yang S Z, Lin Y H. Advanced manufacturing technology and systems (Part II): Intelligent manufacturing—The manufacturing technology of the 21st century [J]. Machinery & Electronics, 1996, 14(2): 33‒36, 42. |
| [7] |
Zhou J, Zhou Y H, Wang B C, et al. Human-cyber-physical systems(HCPSs) in the context of new-generation intelligent manufacturing [J]. Engineering, 2019, 5(4): 624‒636. |
| [8] |
臧冀原, 刘宇飞, 王柏村, 面向2035的智能制造技术预见和路线图研究 [J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(4): 285‒308. |
| [9] |
Zang J Y, Liu Y F, Wang B C, et al. Technology forecasting and roadmapping of intelligent manufacturing by 2035 [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(4): 285‒308. |
| [10] |
柴天佑, 钱锋, 管晓宏, 面向双碳目标的自动化和智能化理论与技术 [J]. 中国科学基金, 2024, 38(4): 560‒570. |
| [11] |
Chai T Y, Qian F, Guan X H, et al. Theory and technologyof automation and intelligence for dual carbon target [J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2024, 38(4): 560‒570. |
| [12] |
周济. "十五五"智能制造推进的战略思考 [J]. 中国工业和信息化, 2025 (12): 42‒47. |
| [13] |
Zhou J. Strategic thinking on the promotion of intelligent manufacturing in the 15th Five-Year Plan [J]. China Industry & Information Technology, 2025 (12): 42‒47. |
| [14] |
国务院关于印发《中国制造2025》的通知 [EB/OL]. (2015-05-08)[2026-02-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-05/19/content_9784.htm. |
| [15] |
Notice of the State Council on issuing Made in China 2025 [EB/OL]. (2015-05-08)[2026-02-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-05/19/content_9784.htm. |
| [16] |
工业和信息化部明确将全面实施制造业重点产业链高质量发展行动 [EB/OL]. (2023-12-21)[2026-02-15]. https://www.gov.cn/lianbo/bumen/202312/content_6921751.htm. |
| [17] |
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology clarifies comprehensive implementation of high-quality development initiative for key manufacturing industrial chains [EB/OL]. (2023-12-21)[2026-02-15]. https://www.gov.cn/lianbo/bumen/202312/content_6921751.htm. |
| [18] |
Zhou Ji, Li P G, Wang B C, et al. Toward new generation of intelligent manufacturing [J]. Engineering, 2018, 4(1): 11‒20. |
| [19] |
张妮妮, 付贵臣, 梁志晓, 智能制造技术在机械制造领域的应用研究 [J]. 模具制造, 2026 (1): 174‒176. |
| [20] |
Zhang N N, Fu G C, Liang Z X, at al. Research on the application of intelligent manufacturing technology in the field of mechanical manufacturing [J]. Die & Mould Manufacturing, 2026 (1): 174‒176. |
| [21] |
王学升. 人工智能技术在制造系统中的应用 [J]. 集成电路应用, 2024, 41(8): 406‒407. |
| [22] |
Wang X S. Application of artificial intelligence technology in manufacturing systems [J]. Application of IC, 2024, 41(8): 406‒407. |
| [23] |
代明远, 王明江, 肖利伟, 工程机械产品虚拟设计应用综述 [J]. 机械设计, 2020, 37(3): 128‒134. |
| [24] |
Dai M Y, Wang M J, Xiao L W, et al. Review on virtual design applications of engineering machinery products [J]. Journal of Machine Design, 2020, 37(3): 128‒134. |
| [25] |
唐明星, 张允榕, 邵景峰, 全虚拟设计在Vision-R概念车研发中的应用 [J]. 机械制造, 2017, 55(6): 7‒10, 23. |
| [26] |
Tang M X, Zhang Y R, Shao J F, et al. Application of full virtual design in R & D of Vision-R concept car [J]. Machinery, 2017, 55(6): 7‒10, 23. |
| [27] |
袁依格, 何卓丰, 李威, 具身智能驱动的智能制造应用发展研究 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2025, 27(3): 67‒82. |
| [28] |
Yuan Y G, He Z F, Li W, et al. Development of intelligent manufacturing driven by embodied intelligence [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2025, 27(3): 67‒82. |
| [29] |
吴昊天, 王耀南, 朴玄斌, 智能制造工业机器人技术应用及发展趋势 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2025, 27(3): 83‒97. |
| [30] |
Wu H T, Wang Y N, Piao X B, et al. Application and development trends of industrial robot technologies in intelligent manufacturing [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2025, 27(3): 83‒97. |
| [31] |
周芳芳. 人工智能在智能制造装备决策优化中的应用探索 [J]. 张江科技评论, 2025 (11): 64‒66. |
| [32] |
Zhou F F. Application of artificial intelligence in decision optimization of intelligent manufacturing equipment [J]. Zhangjiang Technology Review, 2025 (11): 64‒66. |
| [33] |
赵路军, 吴刚, 邵嘉铭, 流程工业智能工厂建设新架构: 1+2+N [J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(8): 4838‒4851. |
| [34] |
Zhao L J, Wu G, Shao J M, et al. A new architecture for process industry smart factory construction: 1+2+N [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(8): 4838‒4851. |
| [35] |
SaaS的范式正在转变为SaS, 海外AI风投在后软件时代的投资逻辑 [EB/OL]. (2024-11-27)[2026-02-15]. https://news.qq.com/rain/a/20241127A05N7G00. |
| [36] |
The paradigm of SaaS is shifting to SaS, the investment logic of overseas AI venture capital in the post-software era [EB/OL]. (2024-11-27)[2026-02-15]. https://news.qq.com/rain/a/20241127A05N7G00. |
| [37] |
刘震宇. AI热潮中, 工业智能体路在何方 [J]. 中国工业和信息化, 2025 (9): 28‒34. |
| [38] |
Liu Z Y. Where is the way of industrial intelligence in the AI upsurge? [J]. China Industry & Information Technology, 2025 (9): 28‒34. |
| [39] |
徐守敬. 智能制造中的数字孪生技术在柔性生产线中的虚控实应用 [J]. 产业创新研究, 2025 (24): 85‒87. |
| [40] |
Xu S J. Application of digital twin technology in intelligent manufacturing in virtual control of flexible production line [J]. Industrial Innovation, 2025 (24): 85‒87. |
| [41] |
卢秉恒, 邵新宇, 张俊, 离散型制造智能工厂发展战略 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2018, 20(4): 44‒50. |
| [42] |
Lu B H, Shao X Y, Zhang J, et al. Development strategy for intelligent factory in discrete manufacturing [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2018, 20(4): 44‒50. |
| [43] |
肖勇波, 胡行, 孔德梅, 生态链管理与现代化产业体系的打造: 困境与破局之道 [J]. 清华管理评论, 2023 (12): 73‒82. |
| [44] |
Xiao Y B, Hu X, Kong D M, et al. Ecosystem chain management and the development of a modern industrial system: Challenges and breakthrough strategies [J]. Tsinghua Business Review, 2023 (12): 73‒82. |
| [45] |
任文强. 智能制造技术在汽车零部件加工中的应用与发展趋势 [J]. 汽车维修技师, 2024 (22): 121‒122. |
| [46] |
Ren W Q. Application and development trend of intelligent manufacturing technology in automobile parts processing [J]. Auto Maintenance, 2024 (22): 121‒122. |
| [47] |
冯柯. 浅析国内外智能制造技术现状及发展趋势 [J]. 科技与创新, 2024 (16): 68‒70. |
| [48] |
Feng K. Analysis on the present situation and development trend of intelligent manufacturing technology at home and abroad [J]. Science and Technology & Innovation, 2024 (16): 68‒70. |
中国工程院咨询项目“制造强国建设第二步走(2025—2035)战略研究”(2025-PP-01)
“我国制造业重点领域技术路线图研究”(2025-HZ-10)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |