我国深部多类型矿产资源协同开采路径与方向
Pathways and Directions for Synergistic Mining of Deep Multi-Type Mineral Resources in China
我国战略性矿产资源紧缺、对外依存度高,推进深部多类型矿产资源协同开采对保障国家能源资源安全具有重要意义。本文聚焦多资源协同开采路径与方向,运用综合分析、多目标空间优化和典型区域重点解剖相结合的方法,深入分析了锂盐、钾盐、氦气、砂岩型铀矿、铷盐和锶盐等6种矿产资源的分布特征,探讨了其与油气、地热资源耦合开采机制,剖析了我国深部多类型矿产资源协同开采的优势和面临的挑战;将多资源共生关系纳入开采序列决策,构建了“时空适配 ‒ 效益协同”双维优化方法,突破传统单一资源开发局限。通过多源协同立体勘探、多维度综合评价、双维度协同开发,提出了资源富集区优先布局、产业链协同发展的实施路径;创新搭建了油气、地热与多类型矿产协同开采的具体场景,制定了不同场景下提高资源利用率、降低开采成本的技术路线。最后,明确示范项目和工业化潜力,形成产业链集中、协调、有序发展的战略布局,为深部多类型矿产资源一体化开发提供可落地的理论支撑与实践范式。
China's deep-seated strategic mineral resources are sparsely distributed and heavily reliant on imports from abroad. Promoting the coordinated exploitation of multi-type mineral resources in deep strata is significant for safeguarding national energy and resource security. This study focuses on pathways for multi-resource synergistic development, employing an integrated methodology that combines comprehensive analysis, multi-objective spatial optimization, and case studies in representative regions. It analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of six critical mineral resources: lithium salts, potassium salts, helium, sandstone-type uranium, rubidium salts, and strontium salts, and explores their coupled exploitation mechanisms with oil/gas and geothermal resource. Strategic advantages and technical challenges for deep mineral resource synergistic mining in China are identified. This study incorporates multi-resource symbiotic relationships into mining sequence decision-making frameworks. A two-dimensional optimization methodology integrating "spatiotemporal alignment" and "efficiency synergy" is developed to overcome limitations of conventional single-resource exploitation paradigms. Through multi-source collaborative three-dimensional exploration, multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation, and two-dimensional coordinated development, the implementation path of prioritized layout in resource-rich areas and coordinated development of industrial chains is clarified. Specific scenarios for collaborative mining of oil, gas, geothermal, and multi-type minerals are creatively constructed, and technical routes are formulated to improve the resource utilization rate and reduce mining costs under different scenarios. Demonstration projects and industrialization potentials are defined, and a strategic layout for the centralized, coordinated, and orderly development of industrial chains is formed. This study provides actionable theoretical support and practical models for the integrated development of deep mineral resources.
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中国工程院咨询项目“深部地热多资源协同开发战略研究”(2025-XBZD-03)
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