聚酰亚胺材料研究现状与发展展望
Research Progress and Future Development of Polyimide Materials
聚酰亚胺是耐极端环境的战略性先进功能材料,在航空、航天、半导体等关键领域发挥着不可替代的作用。近年来,我国聚酰亚胺材料领域发展迅速,对高端产业领域的支撑作用与引领意义日益凸显,但是高端产品仍主要依赖进口,产业链安全面临风险,亟需补短板、铸强项,实现产业自立自强。本文基于战略需求迫切性、产业规模代表性、自主保障必要性等维度,聚焦四类典型的聚酰亚胺材料体系——复合材料基体树脂、模塑与热塑树脂、薄膜材料、光敏材料,系统梳理了国外与国内的发展现状,剖析了当前面临的主要问题与挑战;针对国内结构性矛盾突出、大而不强的局面,从主干材料、高端产品、关键装备三个方面凝练了产业亟需解决的共性问题,并分析了聚酰亚胺材料产业发展趋势,提出产业自立自强的发展建议,以期助力我国聚酰亚胺材料产业高质量发展。
Polyimide is a strategically important functional material for extreme-environment applications, playing an irreplaceable role in key fields such as aviation, aerospace, and semiconductors. In recent years, the field of polyimide materials in China has made significant progress, highlighting its supportive and leading significance in the high-end industrial field. However, high-end polyimide products still rely on imports, posing risks to the security of the industrial chain. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to achieve industrial self-reliance in the polyimide material industry. Considering the urgency of strategic demand, representativeness of industrial scale, and necessity of independent supply assurance, this study focuses on four typical polyimide materials in applications: matrix resins for composites, molding and thermoplastic resins, films, as well as photosensitive materials. Moreover, the study reviews the current development status of polyimide both in China and abroad, and identifies the major challenges currently faced. In response to the prominent structural contradictions and the challenge of being large yet not strong, the study clarifies the common issues that urgently require resolution in the polyimide industry from three aspects: primary materials, high-end products, and key equipment. Furthermore, the study analyzes the development trends and proposes strategic recommendations for achieving industrial self-reliance, aiming to promote the high-quality development of the polyimide material field in China.
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中国工程院咨询项目“关键材料体系自立自强战略研究(二期)”(2025-PP-02)
Funding project: Chinese Academy of Engineering project "Strategic Research on Self-Reliance and Self-Strengthening of Key Material Systems (Phase II)"(2025-PP-02)
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