中国车用氢能产业正处于快速起步阶段。充分认识氢气的危险性、安全利用氢能是我国车用氢能产业健康发展的基础。本文在分析氢气的物理化学性质和氢气与材料相容性问题后，提出了实现氢气安全利用的三个基本原则；系统介绍了日本在高压氢能安全利用方面的研究成果与安全技术措施，提出了我国燃料电池汽车（FCEV）发展中安全利用氢能的建议：一是总体规划设计，加大科技投入，形成以国家氢能安全实验室为主体，社会科技力量积极参与的研究体制；二是加快修订完善车用氢能安全标准体系；三是构建70 MPa 涉氢装备制造体系。

The industry of hydrogen energy for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) is in a rapid start-up stage in China. Understanding of the danger of hydrogen and safe use of the hydrogen energy are the basis for the healthy development of the FCEV industry. In this study, we analyze the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen and the compatibility issues for hydrogen and materials and then propose three basic principles for the safe use of hydrogen. Subsequently, the research outputs and technical measures for the safe use of high-pressure hydrogen energy in Japan are thoroughly introduced and some suggestions are presented for the safe use of hydrogen in accordance with the Chinese situation. First, China should conduct overall planning and design, increase investment in science and technology, and form a research system that takes the National Hydrogen Safety Laboratory as the main body and has active participation from social science and technology forces. Moreover, it should perfect its hydrogen safety standards system for vehicles and build a 70 MPa hydrogen-related equipment manufacturing system.