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《工程(英文)》 >> 2020年 第6卷 第1期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.11.003

户外空中双机械手抓取设计和视觉伺服

Robotics, Vision, and Control Group, School of Engineering, University of Seville, Seville 41092, Spain

收稿日期: 2018-10-30 修回日期: 2019-03-10 录用日期: 2019-03-26 发布日期: 2019-11-13

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摘要

本文介绍了一种配备有RGB-D摄像机的使用带有双机械手的无人飞行器(unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV)抓取已知物体的系统。空中操纵仍然是一项极具挑战性的任务。本文主要从三个方面对这一任务进行了评价:目标检测与姿态估计、抓取设计、飞行中的抓取动作。人工神经网络(artificial neural network, ANN)首先被用来获得有关物体位置的线索。接下来,使用对齐算法获取对象的六维(six-dimensional, 6D)姿态,并使用扩展的卡尔曼滤波器进行滤波。然后,使用物体的三维(three-dimensional, 3D)模型来估计空中机械手可实现良好抓取的排列清单。检测算法的结果(即对象的姿态)用于更新手臂朝向对象的轨迹。如果由于无人机的振荡而无法达到目标姿态,则算法将切换到下一个可行的抓取。本文介绍了总体方法,给出了每个模块的仿真实验结果和实际实验结果,并提供了视频演示结果。

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