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采用飞行时间相机的瞬态成像及其应用

Jing-yu Lin, Ri-hui Wu, Hong-man Wang, Ye-bin Liu,jylin@gxu.edu.cn,liuyebin@tsinghua.edu.cn

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1268-1276 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700556

摘要：介绍了采用飞行时间（time-of-flight, ToF）相机进行瞬态成像的三种数学模型，即相关函数模型、频域模型和压缩感知模型。瞬态图像应用主要基于光传输解析和不同光路光线分离。

关键词：瞬态成像；飞行时间（time-of-flight ToF）；散射介质；拐角遮挡

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Transient imaging with a time-of-flight cameraand its applications

Jing-yu LIN, Ri-hui WU, Hong-man WANG, Ye-bin LIU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1268-1276 doi: .org/10.1631/FITEE.1700556

摘要： Transient imaging is a technique in photography that recordsthe process of light propagation before it reaches a stationary statesuch that events at the light speed level can be observed. In thisreview we introduce three main models for transient imaging with atime-of-flight (ToF) camera: correlation model, frequency-domain model,and compressive sensing model. Transient imaging applications usuallyinvolve resolving the problem of light transport and separating thelight rays arriving along different paths. We discuss two of the applications:imaging objects inside scattering media and recovering both the shapeand texture of an object around a corner.

关键词： Transient imaging Time-of-flight(ToF) camera Scattering media Around corners

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Determination of persistent organic pollutants by gas chromatography/laser multiphoton ionization/time-of-flight

Osamu SHITAMICHI, Taiki MATSUI, Yamei HUI, Weiwei CHEN, Totaro IMASAKA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 26-31 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0374-7

摘要： An authentic mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls was measured using a short wide-bore capillary column for the group separation of major components present in an actual sample of Kanechlor. The limits of detection were improved by ca. 2 fold in comparison with those obtained using a conventional capillary column, since the retention time was reduced and the amount of analytes introduced into the mass spectrometer per unit time could be increased. On the other hand, surface-water and sediment samples containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were collected from the river located in the vicinity of a waste water treatment plant. Even acenaphthylene, a minor component of the mixture could be measured for the sediment sample, and the concentrations were determined for several heavy PAHs. As demonstrated, a technique involving laser multiphoton ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry was useful as a sensitive and selective analytical tool for the trace analysis of persistent organic pollutants in an environmental sample.

关键词： polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) laser multiphoton ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MPI/TOF-MS)

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综合使用飞行小时在飞机构件腐蚀疲劳寿命分析中的应用

林明,金平,孙明礼

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第3期页码 65-67

摘要：

飞机使用环境谱中飞行环境谱和停放环境谱的组合就是飞行─停放─飞行环境谱。大多数军用飞机地面停放时间占飞机使用寿命的90％以上。海军飞机所处的高温、高湿、高盐雾腐蚀环境对飞机使用寿命有很大影响。飞机使用寿命必须应用飞机使用环境谱，考虑飞行小时、日历时间和综合使用飞行小时。列举海军某直升机主桨毂轴向铰轴颈裂纹故障，通过波音公司飞机结构疲劳分析方法，在飞行小时、日历时间和综合使用飞行小时方面对其翻修期进行了探讨。

关键词：腐蚀腐蚀疲劳飞行小时日历时间综合使用飞行小时

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航空航天技术与力学

陈士橹

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第3期页码 25-26

摘要：

文章论述了航空航天技术发展与力学学科发展的依存关系，讨论了力学学科间的交叉及交叉学科的产生，重点介绍了飞行力学与空气动力学、结构力学、一般力学、自动控制等学科间的关系，进而讨论了飞行力学的分支——弹性飞行器动力学。

关键词：空气动力学结构力学一般力学自动控制飞行力学弹性飞行器动力学

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Time of flight improved thermally grown oxide thickness measurement with terahertz spectroscopy

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0705-3

摘要： As a nondestructive testing technique, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology is commonly used to measure the thickness of ceramic coat in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). However, the invisibility of ceramic/thermally grown oxide (TGO) reflective wave leads to the measurement failure of natural growth TGO whose thickness is below 10 μm in TBCs. To detect and monitor TGO in the emergence stage, a time of flight (TOF) improved TGO thickness measurement method is proposed. A simulative investigation on propagation characteristics of terahertz shows the linear relationship between TGO thickness and phase shift of feature wave. The accurate TOF increment could be acquired from wavelet soft threshold and cross-correlation function with negative effect reduction of environmental noise and system oscillation. Thus, the TGO thickness could be obtained efficiently from the TOF increment of the monitor area with different heating times. The averaged error of 1.61 μm in experimental results demonstrates the highly accurate and robust measurement of the proposed method, making it attractive for condition monitoring and life prediction of TBCs.

关键词： thermal barrier coatings thermally grown oxide terahertz spectroscopy time of flight

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Single particle analysis of ambient aerosols in Shanghai during the World Exposition, 2010: two case studies

Shikang TAO, Xinning WANG, Hong CHEN, Xin YANG, Mei LI, Lei LI, Zhen ZHOU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 391-401 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0355-x

摘要： A TSI Model 3800 aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) was deployed for single-particle analysis in Shanghai during the World Exposition (EXPO), 2010. Measurements on two extreme cases: polluted day (1st May) and clean day (25th September) were compared to show how meteorological conditions affected the concentration and composition of ambient aerosols. Mass spectra of 90496 and 50407 particles were analyzed respectively during the two sampling periods. The ART-2a neural network algorithm was applied to sort the collected particles. Seven major classes of particles were obtained: dust, sea salt, industrial, biomass burning, organic carbon (OC), elementary carbon (EC), and NH -rich particles. Number concentration of ambient aerosols showed a strong anti-correlation with the boundary layer height variation. The external mixing states of aerosols were quite different during two sampling periods because of different air parcel trajectories. Number fraction of biomass burning particles (43.3%) during polluted episode was much higher than that (21.6%) of clean time. Air parcels from the East China Sea on clean day diluted local pollutant concentration and increased the portion of sea salt particle dramatically (13.3%). The large contribution of biomass burning particles in both cases might be an indication of a constant regional background of biomass burning emission. Mass spectrum analysis showed that chemical compositions and internal mixing states of almost all the particle types were more complicate during polluted episode compared with those observed in clean time. Strong nitrate signals in the mass spectra suggested that most of the particles collected on polluted day had gone through some aging processes before reaching the sampling site.

关键词： ambient aerosol aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer Shanghai world exposition

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飞行器驾驶机器人——一种面向有人飞行器的新型无人驾驶系统 Article

金子博, 李道春, 向锦武

《工程（英文）》 2023年第27卷第8期页码 242-253 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.10.018

摘要：

飞行器驾驶机器人是一种新型的无人驾驶概念，是指通过机器人系统操纵驾驶有人飞机，从而形成一种新型的无人飞行系统，充分发挥有人飞机的平台成熟度、负载能力和适航性等优点，同时显著扩展了无人飞行器的应用领域本文详细讨论了飞行器驾驶机器人这一概念及其优点，并提出了一种面向有人直升机的直升机驾驶机器人。根据直升机操纵机构的操控特点设计了驾驶机器人伺服机构。对驾驶机器人系统进行了运动学分析，并在此基础上建立了驾驶机器人飞行控制器的直接驱动方法，减少了机器人伺服过程的操纵延迟和控制误差。建立了驾驶机器人的配套地面站系统，实现了不同飞行模式下驾驶机器人系统的功能集成。最后，设计研制了一套直升机驾驶机器人样机，并将其安装在有人直升机上进行了飞行测试。测试结果表明，驾驶机器人能够独立驾驶直升机实现前飞、后飞、侧飞和转弯飞行，验证了直升机驾驶机器人的有效性。

关键词：直升机飞行器驾驶机器人飞行控制无人系统

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Characterization of submicron aerosols in the urban outflow of the central Pearl River Delta region of China

Zhaoheng GONG, Zijuan LAN, Lian XUE, Liwu ZENG, Lingyan HE, Xiaofeng HUANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 725-733 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0441-8

摘要： Submicron aerosol particles (with aerodynamic diameters less than 1 μm, PM ) were sampled and measured in Heshan, an urban outflow site of Guangzhou megacity in Pearl River Delta in South China, using an Aerodyne High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) in November 2010 during 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games. The mean PM mass concentration measured was 47.9±17.0 μg·m during the campaign, with organic aerosol (OA) and sulfate being the two dominant species, accounting for 36.3% and 20.9% of the total mass, respectively, followed by black carbon (17.1%, measured by an aethalometer), nitrate (12.9%), ammonium (9.6%) and chloride (3.1%). The average size distributions of the species (except black carbon) were dominated by an accumulation mode peaking at ~550 nm. Calculations based on high-resolution organic mass spectrum showed that, C, H, O and N on average contributed 58.1%, 7.3%, 30.7%, and 3.9% to the total organic mass, respectively. The average ratio of organic mass over organic carbon mass (OM/OC) was 1.73±0.08. Four components of OA were identified by the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis, including a hydrocarbon-like (HOA), a biomass burning (BBOA) and two oxygenated (SV-OOA and LV-OOA) organic aerosol components, which on average accounted for 18.0%, 14.3%, 28.8% and 38.9% of the total organic mass, respectively.

关键词： organic aerosol high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) positive matrix factorization

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光纤传感技术在飞行器结构变形监测中的应用 Review

祝连庆, 孙广开, 包为民, 尤政, 孟凡勇, 董明利

《工程（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期页码 39-55 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.022

摘要：

基于光纤传感网络的飞行器结构变形监测一直是航空航天领域的研究热点。为此，梳理了飞行器结构变形监测的研究发展历程，分析了光纤传感监测的主要技术类型、技术优缺点、机载适用性、变形重构算法和典型应用案例，指出了当前需要研究解决的关键问题和工程应用的主要演进范式，并结合新材料

关键词：光纤传感技术变形监测结构健康监测飞行器航空航天

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V/STOL飞机建模与仿真分析

范勇,朱纪洪,孟宪宇,刘凯,杨喜立

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第3期页码 107-112

摘要：

以原理验证机为背景，建立了无尾布局垂直/短距起降飞行器的数学模型，并通过智能自适应方法对其进行了闭环飞行控制，控制量通过控制分配合理的协调各操纵面结果显示，该平台具备垂直/短距起降能力和较好的飞行性能。

关键词：无尾布局飞行器垂直/短距起降飞行器（V/STOL）动力学建模飞行控制

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CAN总线时间触发机制的实现

吕伟杰,,刘鲁源,王毅新

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第9期页码 40-43

摘要：

分析了CAN总线的时间触发机制，基于8052单片机和CAN控制器SJA1000设计了时间触发机制的实现方案，给出了网络中基本周期中可传输的最大消息数目及可调度分析方法。以汽车引擎控制系统为例进行的实验结果表明，利用CAN总线时间触发机制不仅可以有效地管理消息的传输，而且提高了总线带宽利用率。

关键词：时间触发时间同步 CAN总线分布式控制系统

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导航卫星双向伪距时间同步

谭述森

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第12期页码 70-74

摘要：

针对卫星导航系统时间同步需求，提出了导航卫星双向伪距时间同步的理论根据，并就4种基本同步方法（双向无线电伪距同步方法, 星地双向激光伪距同步方法,双向卫星中继无线电伪距同步方法, 双向地球站中继无线电伪距同步方法）与应用进行了分析，与目前国际导航卫星时间同步通用方法相比,具有精度高, 方法简单，设备负担轻特点。

关键词：导航卫星伪距时间同步

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航母飞行甲板上飞机转运路径优化方法的设计与验证 Research Articles

司维超,孙涛,宋超,张杰

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第9期页码 1221-1233 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000251

摘要：研究了在能见度较低或夜间情况下，航母飞行甲板上飞机安全转运的路径规划问题。首先，分析了舰载机在飞行甲板上的转运路径规划问题，定义了优化目标和约束条件。其次，为解决这一问题，建立了飞行甲板、舰载机实体、实体扩展、实体姿态、实体冲突检测和路径平滑的数学支持模型，为航母上飞机的转运路径规划提供了必要基础。仿真结果表明，与粒子群算法相比，该方法能较好解决航母飞行甲板上飞机的转运路径规划问题。

关键词：舰载机；飞行甲板；转运路径规划；KCMPSO算法；方法设计与验证

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最小二乘支持向量机的扩展及其在时间序列预测中的应用

向小东

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第11期页码 89-92

摘要：

根据时间序列近期数据较远期数据包含有更多未来信息的思想，对最小二乘支持向量机预测方法进行了扩展，得到了更具一般性的最小二乘支持向量机预测模型两个时间序列的预测实例表明，扩展后的预测方法获得了更好的预测效果，提升了最小二乘支持向量机预测方法的价值。

关键词：最小二乘支持向量机扩展时间序列预测