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ZN － 1阻尼橡胶材料的老化机理研究

张凯,马艳,谭云,梅军

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第2期页码 48-52

摘要：

采用加速老化试验方法对ZN－１阻尼橡胶材料的热氧老化性能进行了研究，获得了不同老化温度及老化时间对硅橡胶泡沫材料力学性能及阻尼性能的影响规律研究结果表明，随着老化温度的升高及老化时间的延长， ZN－１的拉伸强度出现了先下降后升高的现象，而扯断伸长率则表现为单调下降的趋势。同时，还研究了ZN－１阻尼橡胶材料在热氧老化条件下微观结构与性能变化之间的关系，得到了ZN－１阻尼橡胶材料的热老化机理。

关键词： ZN-1阻尼橡胶材料老化性能微观结构老化机理

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我国高性能合成橡胶材料发展现状与展望

徐林,曾本忠,王超,张付宝

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第5期页码 128-136 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.05.012

摘要：

合成橡胶材料广泛应用于工业、国防、交通及日常生活的各个方面，高性能和功能化通用合成橡胶是新时代发展所必需的关键先进基础材料。本文结合产业数据调研结果，系统梳理了我国高性能合成橡胶材料的发展现状，总结了我国高性能合成橡胶材料在生产、研发、应用等方面的主要问题。在此基础上提出了我国高性能合成橡胶材料的发展方向与建议，研究认为应重点发展官能化溶聚丁苯橡胶、钕系顺丁橡胶、星型卤化丁基橡胶、功能化热塑性弹性体等高性能和功能化通用合成橡胶，以及氢化丁腈橡胶、热塑性硫化橡胶、高性能硅橡胶、氟醚橡胶等特种橡胶产品，实现材料高端化、过程绿色化、生产智能化。

关键词：合成橡胶，热塑性弹性体，特种橡胶，发展战略

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囊型宫内节育器避孕材料的细胞毒性研究

钟兴明,韦相才,朱国平,李艳秋,伍园园,李志才,郭建华,曾幸荣

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第6期页码 8-12

摘要：

目的：对囊型宫内节育器避孕材料的细胞毒性的潜在性作出评价。方法：采用研制的硅橡胶材料与高密度聚乙烯材料作为对照，根据GBT 16886.5―2003医疗器械生物学评价第5部分标准，设立空白对照组、阴性对照（高密度聚乙烯）浸提液组、阳性对照液（含6.3 %苯酚的RPMI1640完全培养液）组、100 %、50 %和25 %材料（硅橡胶）浸提液组共6个组；用RPMI 1640完全培养液培养L-929细胞，每组加入100 μL的空白对照液、阴性对照浸提液和25结果：空白对照组、阴性对照浸提液组、阳性对照组、100 %、50 %和25 %浓度材料浸提液组的细胞毒性级别分别为：0级、1级、4级、2级、2级、1级。结论：根据GBT 16886.5―2003医疗器械生物学评价第11部分标准，所测硅橡胶材料细胞毒性评价符合要求。

关键词：宫内节育器；硅橡胶材料；细胞毒性；动物实验；鼠

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田明：碳中和景下橡胶材料技术创新（2021年5月21日）

2021年11月22日

关键词：碳中和

CC@BCN@PANI core-shell nanoarrays as ultra-high cycle stability cathode for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第4期页码 555-566 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0882-8

摘要： Exploring cathode materials that combine excellent cycling stability and high energy density poses a challenge to aqueous Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs). Herein, polyaniline (PANI) coated boron-carbon-nitrogen (BCN) nanoarray on carbon cloth surface is prepared as advanced cathode materials via simple high-temperature calcination and electrochemical deposition methods. Because of the excellent specific capacity and conductivity of PANI, the CC@BCN@PANI core-shell nanoarrays cathode shows an excellent ion storage capability. Moreover, the 3D nanoarray structure can provide enough space for the volume expansion and contraction of PANI in the charging/discharging cycles, which effectively avoids the collapse of the microstructure and greatly improves the electrochemical stability of PANI. Therefore, the CC@BCN@PANI-based ZHSCs exhibit superior electrochemical performances showing a specific capacity of 145.8 mAh/g, a high energy density of 116.78 Wh/kg, an excellent power density of 12 kW/kg, and a capacity retention rate of 86.2% after 8000 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 2 A/g. In addition, the flexible ZHSCs (FZHSCs) also show a capacity retention rate of 87.7% at the current density of 2 A/g after 450 cycles.

关键词： CC@BCN@PANI cathode Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor core-shell nanoarrays high energy density ultra-high cycle stability

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带有时变时滞的分数阶阻尼系统可控性研究 Research Articles

何彬彬1,周华成2,寇春海3

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第6期页码 809-962 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900736

摘要：本文研究线性与非线性分数阶阻尼系统的可控性。该系统具有多重时变时滞，且时滞位于控制函数中。

关键词：可控性；分数阶阻尼系统；时变时滞；Gramian矩阵

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Experimental and modeling studies on installation of arc sprayed Zn anodes for protection of reinforced

Xianming SHI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 1-11 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0312-7

摘要： Arc sprayed zinc (Zn) anode on concrete surfaces has been an emerging technology for protecting reinforced concrete structures from rebar corrosion in coastal environments. Many cathodic protection (CP) systems with arc sprayed Zn anodes will reach or exceed their design life in the near future and thus may function improperly or insufficiently, making it necessary to replace the aged anodes. However, prior to this study, little was known about the most effective profile for the concrete surface, for either new concrete or old concrete with existing Zn anodes removed. This work develops criteria to properly prepare the concrete surface before the application of new Zn anode. Experimental studies were conducted both in the laboratory and for a field structure in Oregon. Artificial neural network was used to achieve better understanding of the complex cause-and-effect relationships inherent in the Zn-mortar or Zn–concrete systems and was successful in finding meaningful, logical results from the bond strength data. The goal is to achieve strong initial bond strength of new Zn to concrete, which is essential for long-term performance of the CP system. The results from this case study suggest that it is necessary to adjust the anode removal and surface sandblasting based on the electrochemical age of the existing concrete. In all cases of sandblasting, minimize the exposure of large aggregates (e.g., those bigger than 19 mm in diameter).

关键词： arc sprayed Zn anode replacement reinforced concrete bridge preservation neural networks surface profile

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电沉积Zn-Fe-SiO2复合镀层研究

张英杰,范云鹰,董鹏,罗少林

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第3期页码 93-96

摘要：

报告了电沉积Zn-Fe-SiO2复合镀层的研究结果，论述了电流密度、极间距、搅拌方式、阳极数量及排布方式、添加剂等对Zn-Fe-SiO2复合镀层的影响及试验所取得的技术指标试验结果表明，Zn-Fe-SiO2复合镀层工艺具有过程稳定性好，维护措施简单方便，生产的环保及安全性好等优点。

关键词：电沉积复合镀层 Zn-Fe-SiO2

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溶液聚合合成橡胶节能技术和节能型橡胶的开发

曹湘洪,张爱民

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第7期页码 59-63

摘要：

总结了燕山石化溶液聚合合成橡胶节能技术和节能型橡胶的开发情况。通过改进催化体系，提高反应速度，提高反应器的生产能力，并在聚合反应器中采用带刮刀的搅拌器，同时改进聚合、凝聚、溶剂回收的部分工艺及设备，燕山石化顺丁橡胶的能耗不断下降，达到世界先进水平。溶液聚合合成橡胶凝聚过程热泵技术的工业化，使生产每吨胶可节约1MPa的低压蒸汽0.72t。橡胶溶液直接脱挥，聚丁二烯橡胶气相聚合工艺技术开发,溶聚丁苯橡胶（SSBR）、中乙烯基聚丁二烯橡胶、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-丁二烯橡胶（SIBR）、苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体（SBS）等新型节能型合成橡胶的技术开发也在进行中

关键词：溶液聚合合成橡胶节能节能型橡胶

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g-CN-coated MnO hollow nanorod cathode for stable aqueous Zn-ion batteries

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 217-225 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2214-7

摘要： Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are attracting considerable attention because of their high safety compared with conventional lithium-ion batteries. Manganese-based materials have been widely developed for zinc-ion batteries cathode owning to their low cost, high security and simple preparation. However, the severe volume expansion and poor stability during charging and discharging limit the further development of manganese-based cathodes. Herein, superior α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ was successfully prepared for stable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) cathode by introducing g-C₃N₄ nanosheets. Compared with pure α-MnO₂, α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ has a specific capacity of 298 mAh·g^–1 at 0.1 A·g^–1. Even at 1 A·g^–1, the α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ still retains 100 mAh·g^–1 (83.4% retention after 5000 cycles), implying its excellent cycling stability. The α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄-based cathode has the highest energy density (563 Wh·kg^–1) and power energy density (2170 W·kg^–1). This work provides new avenues for the development of a wider range of cathode materials for ZIBs.

关键词： α-MnO₂ hollow nanorods g-C₃N₄ heterojunction aqueous Zn-ion batteries

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合成橡胶化学及技术进展

武冠英

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第3期页码 79-85

摘要：

文章从合成橡胶的化学基础出发，叙述了合成橡胶工业二十世纪以来的过去、现状，并展望未来。着重讨论了合成化学基础及相应聚合工艺过程的进步这两方面的问题。指出合成橡胶化学基础中活性聚合、可控聚合，包括茂金属催化剂仍为近期的重点；气相聚合工艺将会得到较大的发展；高效聚合釜的研究仍是核心问题；环保问题应更受到重视。

关键词：合成橡胶合成化学活性/控制聚合气相聚合

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Relationship between heavy metal concentrations of herbaceous plants and soils at four Pb-Zn mining sites

Yuan LI , Yanqun ZU , Qixian FANG , Zhaohua GAO , Christian SCHVARTZ ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 325-333 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0024-5

摘要： This paper studied the relationship between heavy metal concentrations of herbaceous plants and soils at four Pb-Zn mining sites in Yunnan, China. 50 herbaceous plant samples of 9 plant species from 4 families and 50 soil samples were collected and then ana1yzed for the tota1 concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn. The results showed that the average concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn in soil samples were 3772.83, 168.81, and 5385.65 mg/kg, respectively. The average concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn were 395.68, 28.14, and 1664.20 mg/kg in the shoots, and 924.12, 57.25 , and 1778.75 mg/kg in the roots, respectively. Heterospecific plants at the same site and conspecific plants at various sites had different average levels of Pb, Cd, and Zn, both in the shoots and the roots. Enrichment coefficients of Pb, Cd, and Zn were greater than 1 in 2, 3, and 9 herbaceous plant samples, respectively. Translocation factors of Pb, Cd, and Zn were greater than 1 in 10, 17, and 25 herbaceous plant samples, respectively. In all 50 samples, the concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn between the shoots and the roots, the shoots, and the soils, and the roots and the soils had significant positive relationships.

关键词： Pb Cd Zn herbaceous plants Pb-Zn mining areas enrichment coefficient translocation factor

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核辐射技术及其在材料科学领域的应用

傅依备,许云书,黄玮,熊亮萍,高小铃,熊洁

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第1期页码 12-22

摘要：

核辐射技术在材料科学领域得到了广泛的应用，利用辐射技术对无机材料、高分子材料进行改性和加工已成为一支新兴的高技术产业。综述了辐射技术在材料的改性和加工领域的应用研究进展，并详细介绍该单位在采用反应堆辐照技术研制碳化硅（SiC）陶瓷纤维、辐射交联法制备三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）密封材料、辐射接枝合成偕胺肟型螯合树脂等方面开展的工作

关键词：核辐射技术材料科学碳化硅陶瓷纤维三元乙丙橡胶偕胺肟型螯合树脂

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Simultaneous removal of trihalomethanes by bimetallic Ag/Zn: kinetics study

Ahmed H A DABWAN, Satoshi KANECO, Hideyuki KATSUMATA, Kiyoyuki EGUSA, Tohru SUZUKI, Kiyohisa OHTA,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 322-327 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0261-y

摘要： In the present work, bimetallic silver/zinc was applied into the degradation of trihalomethanes, THMs: CHCl, CHBrCl, CHBrCl, and CHBr. The kinetics reaction rates and removal efficiencies of the THM compound mixtures, in the aqueous solutions, were investigated. Batch experiments were conducted under mild conditions, ambient temperature, and pressure. The primary degradation reaction followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic law. The first-order rate constants and the degradation efficiencies followed the decreasing order of CHBr>CHBrCl>CHBrCl>CHCl. The bond dissociation energy and hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of the THM compounds may become the most important parameters affecting the degradation kinetics and efficiency by bimetallic Ag/Zn.

关键词： reaction first-order dissociation degradation reaction aqueous

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phosphonate-derived cobalt/nickel phosphide@N-doped carbon hybrids as efficient bifunctional oxygen electrodes for Zn

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期页码 1367-1376 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2153-3

摘要： The exploration of efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction is pivotal for the development of rechargeable metal–air batteries. Transition metal phosphides are emerging as promising catalyst candidates because of their superb activity and low cost. Herein, a novel metal phosphonate-derived cobalt/nickel phosphide@N-doped carbon hybrid was developed by a carbothermal reduction of cobalt/nickel phosphonate hybrids with different Co/Ni molar ratios. The metal phosphonate derivation method achieved an intimately coupled interaction between metal phosphides and a heteroatom-doped carbon substrate. The resultant Co₂P/Ni₃P@NC-0.2 enables an impressive electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction activity, comparable with those of state-of-the-art Pt/C catalysts in terms of onset potential (0.88 V), 4e^‒ selectivity, methanol tolerance, and long-term durability. Moreover, remarkable oxygen evolution reaction activity was also observed in alkaline conditions. The high activity is ascribed to the N-doping, abundant accessible catalytic active sites, and the synergistic effect among the components. This work not only describes a high-efficiency electrocatalyst for both oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction, but also highlights the application of metal phosphonate hybrids in fabricating metal phosphides with tunable structures, which is of great significance in the energy conversion field.

关键词： metal phosphonate cobalt/nickel phosphide N-doped carbon oxygen electrochemistry Zn−air battery