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焦化 2

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CCD测温在现代焦化炉中的应用

蒋亚龙,袁宏永

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第4期页码 73-75

摘要：

焦化炉是石化行业很重要的一个设备，随时了解它的温度场分布和掌握它的运行状态一直是一个备受人们关注的问题。就CCD测温在现代焦化炉中的应用进行了介绍，阐述它的原理，指出了它今后发展的方向，最后举例说明该方法在现代工程上可行，并取得了比较令人满意的结果。

关键词： CCD 焦化温度测量

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Application of probabilistic risk assessment at a coking plant site contaminated by Polycyclic Aromatic

XIA Tianxiang,JIANG Lin,JIA Xiaoyang,ZHONG Maosheng,LIANG Jing

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 441-450 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0572-6

摘要： Application of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) and Deterministic Risk Assessment (DRA) at a coking plant site was compared. By DRA, Hazard Quotient (HQ) following exposure to Naphthalene (Nap) and Incremental Life Cancer Risk (ILCR) following exposure to Benzo(a)pyrene (Bap) were 1.87 and 2.12 × 10 . PRA revealed valuable information regarding the possible distribution of risk, and risk estimates of DRA located at the 99.59th and 99.76th percentiles in the risk outputs of PRA, which indicated that DRA overestimated the risk. Cleanup levels corresponding acceptable HQ level of 1 and ILCR level of 10 were also calculated for both DRA and PRA. Nap and Bap cleanup levels were 192.85 and 0.14 mg·kg by DRA, which would result in only 0.25% and 0.06% of the exposed population to have a risk higher than the acceptable risk, according to the outputs of PRA. The application of PRA on cleanup levels derivation would lift the cleanup levels 1.9 times for Nap and 2.4 times for Bap than which derived by DRA. For this coking plant site, the remediation scale and cost will be reduced in a large portion once the method of PRA is used. Sensitivity analysis was done by calculating the contribution to variance for each exposure parameter and it was found that contaminant concentration in the soil ( ), exposure duration ( ), total hours spent outdoor per day ( ), soil ingestion rate ( ), the air breathing rate ( ) and bodyweight ( ) were the most important parameters for risk and cleanup levels calculations.

关键词： Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) a coking plant risk cleanup level sensitivity analysis polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

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微生物絮凝剂的絮凝条件及焦化废水净化研究

魏晓金,李静,何绪文

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第2期页码 88-91

摘要：

从活性污泥中筛选出一株能产高效絮凝剂的芽孢杆菌，对该菌产生的微生物絮凝剂进行了絮凝条件及废水絮凝实验研究。结果表明，微生物絮凝剂最佳絮凝条件为：原水pH值7.0以上；助凝剂CaCl₂ （1％浓度）适宜投加量为 5.0 ％；发酵液的适宜投加量为0.2％；发酵液较好的离心条件为n ＝ 4000转/min， t ＝ 30 min。在最佳絮凝条件下，该菌产生的微生物絮凝剂对多种废水净化效果明显。

关键词：微生物絮凝剂絮凝条件焦化废水净化

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煤 – 焦 – 氢 – 铁产业链发展关键技术与战略思考

赵英杰,易群,王涛,韩建超,崔阳,刘倩,任忠凯,刘元铭,黄庆学

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第5期页码 103-115 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.014

摘要：

煤炭、焦化、钢铁等能源资源消耗型产业，是经济社会发展的重要基础，但也伴生高能耗和环境污染问题；随着碳达峰、碳中和目标的提出，统筹考虑资源禀赋、环境容量、产业基础等因素，构建绿色低碳且安全高效的煤炭、焦化、氢能、钢铁产业新体系，是加快推进我国能源生产与消费革命的重要举措。本文旨在梳理煤基制氢技术的发展现状，结合我国能源资源禀赋，焦化、钢铁、氢能产业现实要素基础，提出煤– 焦– 氢– 铁（气基直接还原铁）产业链发展的新思路。从经济性、能耗水平、碳排放等方面着手，对煤– 焦– 氢– 铁产业链中的5 种技术路径进行对比与评价，进而分析研判制氢技术耦合直接还原铁路径的发展潜力与战略选择；以山西省作为案例，具体阐述了煤– 焦– 氢– 铁产业链技术的发展目标与产业布局。研究建议，树立清洁低碳发展理念，依托煤– 焦– 氢– 铁产业链推进能源转型发展，制定煤– 焦– 氢– 铁产业集群整体发展规划，协同推进相关产业链的政策、科技、人才、市场融合。

关键词：直接还原铁产业链能源转型焦化氢能

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Promotive effect of pyridine on indole degradation by activated sludge under anoxic conditions

LI Yongmei, GU Guowei, LI Wenshu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 493-497 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0079-0

摘要： Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the promotive effect of pyridine on indole degradation under denitrifying conditions. The seed sludge was obtained from a local coal-coking wastewater treatment facility and was acc

关键词： wastewater treatment coal-coking wastewater promotive degradation

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Stability of Ni/SiO

Bettina Stolze,Juliane Titus,Stephan A. Schunk,Andrian Milanov,Ekkehard Schwab,Roger Gläser

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 281-293 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1568-0

摘要： Ni/SiO -ZrO catalysts with Ni loadings of 1 to 13 wt-% were prepared, characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, N sorption, temperature programmed oxidation, temperature programmed reduction, and tested for their activity and stability in the dry reforming of methane with carbon dioxide at 850 °C, gas hourly space velocity of 6000 and 1800 h and atmospheric pressure. The SiO -ZrO support as obtained through a simple and efficient sol-gel synthesis is highly porous ( = 90 m ·g , = 4.4 nm) with a homogeneously distributed Si-content of 3 wt-%. No loss of Si or formation of monoclinic ZrO , even after steaming at 850 °C for 160 h, was detectable. The catalyst with 5 wt-% Ni loading in its fully reduced state is stable over 15?h on-stream in the dry reforming reaction. If the catalyst was not fully reduced, a reduction during the early stages of dry reforming is accompanied by the deposition of up to 44 mg·g carbon as shown by experiments in a magnetic suspension balance. Rapid coking occurs for increased residence times and times-on-stream starting at 50 h. The Ni loading of 5 wt-% on SiO -ZrO was shown to provide an optimal balance between activity and coking tendency.

关键词： Ni/SiO₂-ZrO₂ synthesis gas dry reforming coking steaming

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A review on co-pyrolysis of coal and oil shale to produce coke

Xiangchun Liu, Ping Cui, Qiang Ling, Zhigang Zhao, Ruilun Xie

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 504-512 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1850-z

摘要： It has become the top priority for coking industry to rationally use and enlarge coking coal resources because of the shortage of the resources. This review focuses on the potential utilization of oil shale (OS) as a feedstock for coal-blending coking, in which the initial and basic step is pyrolysis. However, OS has a high ash content. If such OS is directly used for coal-blending coking, the coke product will not meet market demand. Therefore, this review firstly summarizes separation and beneficiation techniques for organic matter in OS, and provides an overview on coal and OS pyrolysis through several viewpoints (e.g., pyrolysis process, phenomena, and products). Then the exploratory studies on co-pyrolysis of coal with OS, including co-pyrolysis phenomena and process mechanism, are discussed. Finally, co-pyrolysis of different ranks of coals with OS in terms of coal-blending coking, where further research deserves to be performed, is suggested.

关键词： coal oil shale co-pyrolysis coal blending coking coke

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碳基燃料SOFC阳极材料研究进展

孙春文,孙杰,杨伟,马朝晖,李帅,仙存妮, 王少飞,肖睿娟,施思齐,李泓,陈立泉

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第2期页码 77-87

摘要：

固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFCs）是一类可以将燃料气体的化学能以高效而环境友好的方式直接转化为电能的电化学反应器。最近的研究趋势是发展可以直接电化学氧化碳氢化合物燃料（如天然气）的电池，但是使用碳氢化合物作为燃料时，目前最常使用的镍-氧化钇稳定的氧化锆（Ni/YSZ）金属陶瓷阳极材料具有易积碳和硫中毒的缺点。因此，研究在燃料气氛下具有混合离子-电子电导的替代阳极材料显得尤为必要。综述了以碳基燃料工作的SOFCs阳极材料研究的一些进展，并展望本领域在未来的发展趋势。

关键词：固体氧化物燃料电池阳极材料碳基燃料抗积碳抗硫