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RFES：一种面向移动Web3D的实时火灾逃生系统 Research Articles

Feng-ting YAN, Yong-hao HU, Jin-yuan JIA, Qing-hua GUO, He-hua ZHU, Zhi-geng PAN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第8期页码 1061-1074 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700548

摘要：基于Web3D构建公共消防疏散系统存在许多限制其计算能力的瓶颈。本文集中解决3个关键问题：（1）大型建筑场景数据量大，难以通过互联网传输并在网络终端设备实现可视化；（2）原始火灾动态模拟器烟气数据量大，且实时动态变化，难以通过互联网传输并在网络终端设备实现可视化；（3）为公众提供的智能消防疏散系统往往难以兼顾准确性和实时性。针对以上问题，本文提出3个解决方案：（1）将大型场景模型简化为轻量型场景模型；（2）将动态烟雾简化为轻量级烟雾模型；（3）利用场景模型和烟雾数据建立动态障碍物图，规划最优疏散路径。仿真结果表明，公众可在移动Web3D设备上实时、顺畅地进行消防疏散演练的交互和体验。

关键词：消防疏散演习；建筑信息建模建筑空间；移动Web3D；基于蚁群优化算法的实时消防疏散系统

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新3G系统——移动无线互联网

侯自强

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第7期页码 86-92

摘要：

提出一种新3G宽带移动互联网系统。该系统是在3G框架之内，使用3G的工作频率，采用现有的技术使之具有IMT-2000以后系统特征的宽带无线移动互联网系统。竞争的运营商可以利用其已经有的固定宽带互联网资源建设发展宽带无线移动互联网，并且可以以极低的成本在该系统上提供新话音和多媒体业务。

关键词：第3代移动电话移动互联网宽带移动无线互联网无线局 TD-LAS 移动IP IPv6 IP核心网

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关于3D打印技术在医学模具以及再生组织和器官方面的应用综述

Kan Wang, Chia-Che Ho, Chuck Zhang, Ben Wang

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第5期页码 653-662 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.013

摘要：随着三维（3D）打印和3D 生物打印技术的快速发展，许多研究人员已经开始使用增材制造技术来生产具有多种功能的医学模具。本文综述了3D 打印和3D 生物打印技术在制作功能性医学模具和生物结构方面的应用。特别讨论了3D 打印功能性医学模具（即组织模拟医学模具、放射性医学模具和生理医学模具）及被用于再生组织和器官的3D 生物打印模具的制备（即混合模式支架材料、可转换支架和集成传感器）工艺、发展现状以及未来发展趋势

关键词： 3D打印 3D生物打印医学模具再生组织/器官支架

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HAPE3D—a new constructive algorithm for the 3D irregular packing problem

Xiao LIU,Jia-min LIU,An-xi CAO,Zhuang-le YAO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第5期页码 380-390 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400421

摘要： We propose a new constructive algorithm, called HAPE3D, which is a heuristic algorithm based on the principle of minimum total potential energy for the 3D irregular packing problem, involving packing a set of irregularly shaped polyhedrons into a box-shaped container with fixed width and length but unconstrained height. The objective is to allocate all the polyhedrons in the container, and thus minimize the waste or maximize profit. HAPE3D can deal with arbitrarily shaped polyhedrons, which can be rotated around each coordinate axis at different angles. The most outstanding merit is that HAPE3D does not need to calculate no-fit polyhedron (NFP), which is a huge obstacle for the 3D packing problem. HAPE3D can also be hybridized with a meta-heuristic algorithm such as simulated annealing. Two groups of computational experiments demonstrate the good performance of HAPE3D and prove that it can be hybridized quite well with a meta-heuristic algorithm to further improve the packing quality.

关键词： 3D packing problem Layout design Simulation Optimization Constructive algorithm Meta-heuristics

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Characterization of 3D microstructure, thermal conductivity, and heat flow of cement-based foam using

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期页码 643-651 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0709-9

摘要： This study presents the results of the 3D microstructure, thermal conductivity, and heat flow in cement-based foams and examines their changes with a range of densities. Images were captured using X-ray micro computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging technique on cement-based foam samples prepared with densities of 400, 600, and 800 kg/m³. These images were later simulated and quantified using 3D data visualization and analysis software. Based on the analysis, the pore volume of 11000 µm³ was determined across the three densities, leading to optimal results. However, distinct pore diameters of 15 µm for 800 kg/m³, and 20 µm for 600 and 400 kg/m³ were found to be optimum. Most of the pores were spherical, with only 10% appearing elongated or fractured. In addition, a difference of 15% was observed between the 2D and 3D porosity results. Moreover, a difference of 5% was noticed between the experimentally measured thermal conductivity and the numerically predicted value and this variation was constant across the three cast densities. The 3D model showed that heat flows through the cement paste solids and with an increase in porosity this flow reduces.

关键词： 3D pore volume distribution X-ray tomography 3D shape factor heat flow

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使用2D、3D和4D增材制造材料开发生物植入物 Review

刘果, 何云虎, 刘朋超, 陈舟, 陈绪梁, 万镭, 李莹, 吕坚

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第11期页码 1232-1243 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.04.015

摘要：但是，用于制造生物植入物的3D可打印材料仍然非常有限。本研究对用于生物植入物的2D、3D AM材料进行了概述。此外，在我们团队先前开发的4D打印陶瓷前驱体及陶瓷材料的基础上，受太极思想的启发，本文提出了一种简单而新颖的软硬集成4D增材制造概念，以应用于人体系统中复杂且动态的生物结构。多材料打印技术的发展，使得人们未来可以使用2D、3D、4D AM材料开发生物植入物和软硬集成生物结构。

关键词：生物打印 2D增材制造 3D打印 4D打印生物植入物

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Construction of digital 3D magic-cube organization structure for innovation-driven manufacturing

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 373-390 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0237-x

摘要： Owing to the heterogeneity between functional units and resource scarcity, manufacturing firms have been struggling with intra-organizational coordination for productivity and innovation. Traditional organizational structures, such as linear-functional and matrix, may cause responsibility division and independent goals (Shahani, 2020), and are more difficult to be adopted by large-sized innovative manufacturing firms for quantity production. This is based on a review of several new forms of organization (i.e., network organization, multiteam system, and platform organization) compared with the traditional forms of organization (i.e., linear, matrix, and business unit organization, among others). This study proposes a three-dimensional (3D) magic-cube organizational structure, considering the product dimensions, business, and administration. Moreover, the characteristics, propositions of system operation, system dynamic model, and working model of the 3D magic-cube organization are described. Finally, the 3D model is applied in a Chinese manufacturing firm to test its effectiveness. By redesigning the post and pay system, the pilot organization establishes a project-driven and cross-functional coordination mechanism, positively affecting the firm’s financial profit, output value, labor productivity, and income of per capita. The proposed 3D model can be adopted by large- or medium-sized manufacturing firms for product development and innovation. The implications of both practice and theory are also discussed in this study.

关键词： innovation manufacturing 3D magic-cube organization structure coordination

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Animage-based approach to the reconstruction of ancient architectures by extracting and arranging 3D

Divya Udayan J,HyungSeok KIM,Jee-In KIM

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第1期页码 12-27 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400141

摘要： The objective of this research is the rapid reconstruction of ancient buildings of historical importance using a single image. The key idea of our approach is to reduce the infinite solutions that might otherwise arise when recovering a 3D geometry from 2D photographs. The main outcome of our research shows that the proposed methodology can be used to reconstruct ancient monuments for use as proxies for digital effects in applications such as tourism, games, and entertainment, which do not require very accurate modeling. In this article, we consider the reconstruction of ancient Mughal architecture including the Taj Mahal. We propose a modeling pipeline that makes an easy reconstruction possible using a single photograph taken from a single view, without the need to create complex point clouds from multiple images or the use of laser scanners. First, an initial model is automatically reconstructed using locally fitted planar primitives along with their boundary polygons and the adjacency relation among parts of the polygons. This approach is faster and more accurate than creating a model from scratch because the initial reconstruction phase provides a set of structural information together with the adjacency relation, which makes it possible to estimate the approximate depth of the entire structural monument. Next, we use manual extrapolation and editing techniques with modeling software to assemble and adjust different 3D components of the model. Thus, this research opens up the opportunity for the present generation to experience remote sites of architectural and cultural importance through virtual worlds and real-time mobile applications. Variations of a recreated 3D monument to represent an amalgam of various cultures are targeted for future work.

关键词： Digital reconstruction 3D virtual world 3D spatial components Vision and scene understanding

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3D打印技术在多个领域取得进展

Chris Palmer

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第6期页码 590-592 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.04.005

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增材制造（3D打印）发展趋势 Perspective

卢秉恒, 李涤尘, 田小永

《工程（英文）》 2015年第1卷第1期页码 85-89 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015012

摘要：

增材制造又称为3D打印，在过去30年间取得了快速发展并展示出前所未有的发展潜力。同时，这项发展潜力巨大的技术对传统工业也产生了不可估量的影响。3D打印技术将会推动生产模式的变革，通过实现5个“任意”的工艺发展，将会为制造行业带来一个以定制化制造为特征的新时代。3D打印的技术进步及其与传统制造工艺的融合，将推动制造业在材料研发、产品设计、生产工艺等方面进一步创新发展。最终，3D打印技术将与等材制造、减材制造形成三足鼎立局面，共同分享整个社会的制造业价值。

关键词：增材制造 3D打印制造模式定制化制造创新设计

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支架与组织的设计及3D打印 Review

安佳, Joanne Ee Mei Teoh, Ratima Suntornnond, Chee Kai Chua

《工程（英文）》 2015年第1卷第2期页码 261-268 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015061

摘要：

目前，组织工程学中应用3D打印工艺的情况越来越多。本文介绍3D打印技术在组织工程学应用领域的最前沿研究，尤其侧重于计算机辅助支架设计系统的开发、功能梯度支架的直接3D打印、选择性激光烧结 (SLS) 和熔融沉积成型 (FDM) 工艺建模、利用微观和宏观特征进行支架间接增材制造、生物反应器的开发，以及3D/4D生物打印。本文还讨论3D打印的技术限制，进而突出新3D打印方法在组织工程学领域得到进一步改善的可能性。

关键词：快速原型制造 3D打印增材制造组织工程生物打印

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Seepage analysis of Upper Gotvand Dam concerning gypsum karstification (2D and 3D approaches)

Jamshid SADREKARIMI, Majid KIYANI, Behnam FAKHRI, Mohammad Javad VAHDATIRAD, Amin BARARI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 71-78 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0083-5

摘要： Upper Gotvand Dam is constructed on the Karun River at the south west of Iran. In this paper, 2D and 3D models of the dam together with the foundation and abutments were established, and several seepage analyses were carried out. Then, the gypsum veins that are scattered throughout the foundation ground were included in the models, and the seepage pattern, considering the dissolution law of gypsum, was analyzed. It was disclosed that the discharge fluxes obtained from 2D and 3D analyses are not similar, and the discharge flux in 3D model is about four times that of the 2D model. Also, the 3D model locates the phreatic surface somewhat higher than the 2D model. This means that the 2D model estimates lower pore water pressure pattern in comparison with the 3D model. These may be attributed to the fact that with 2D model the lateral components of vectors of seepage velocity are ignored. In the current case, the rate of increase of discharge flux due to dissolution of gypsum veins was obtained to be a third-order function of the aperture width. In spite of the fact that the grout curtain is designed to be about 170 m deep, however, complete dissolve of gypsum will severely increase the discharge flux through the foundation ground.

关键词： Upper Gotvand Dam seepage analysis gypsum veins 3D model discharge flux

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Simulation of abrasive flow machining process for 2D and 3D mixture models

Rupalika DASH,Kalipada MAITY

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第10卷第4期页码 424-432 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0366-6

摘要：

Improvement of surface finish and material removal has been quite a challenge in a finishing operation such as abrasive flow machining (AFM). Factors that affect the surface finish and material removal are media viscosity, extrusion pressure, piston velocity, and particle size in abrasive flow machining process. Performing experiments for all the parameters and accurately obtaining an optimized parameter in a short time are difficult to accomplish because the operation requires a precise finish. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was employed to accurately determine optimum parameters. In the current work, a 2D model was designed, and the flow analysis, force calculation, and material removal prediction were performed and compared with the available experimental data. Another 3D model for a swaging die finishing using AFM was simulated at different viscosities of the media to study the effects on the controlling parameters. A CFD simulation was performed by using commercially available ANSYS FLUENT. Two phases were considered for the flow analysis, and multiphase mixture model was taken into account. The fluid was considered to be a Newtonian fluid and the flow laminar with no wall slip.

关键词： abrasive flow machining (AFM) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling mixture model

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面向医学应用的3D 打印技术现状综述 Review

严倩,董汉华,苏瑾,韩建华,宋波,魏青松, 史玉升

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第5期页码 729-742 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.021

摘要： 3D 打印技术具有解决目前这些问题的潜力，可用于快速制造个性化组织工程支架、细胞原位修复组织缺陷，甚至直接打印组织和器官。本文总结了3D 打印在医学领域相关研究和最新进展的四个层次，介绍了不同类型的生物医用材料，并讨论了医学应用中3D 打印所需材料和构建体外细胞质基质（ECM）存在的问题和未来的发展方向。

关键词： 3D 打印植入体支架生物医学材料