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Engineering >> 2021, Volume 7, Issue 10 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.020

Novel Non-Protein Biomarkers for Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

a Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
b Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
c Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing 102200, China
d Division of Liver Diseases, Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Liver Cancer Program, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA

Received: 2020-09-20 Revised: 2020-11-16 Accepted: 2021-02-24 Available online: 2021-07-24

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Abstract

Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) while in its early stages is critical for reducing HCC mortality in high-risk patients. However, highly sensitive and specific surveillance biomarkers for early-stage HCC detection are still lacking. In recent years, great efforts have been made to research tumor-derived molecular features that are detectable in circulation, such as circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic
acid and circulating tumor ribonucleic acid, in order to explore their potential as non-invasive biomarker candidates in many tumor types. In this review, we summarize current studies on these new approaches and their application in early HCC detection.

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