Search | Engineering

Subscribe Submit

Home Journals Focus Achievement Fronts About Us 中文版

Resource Type

Journal Article 188

Year

2023 4

2022 15

2021 20

2020 15

2019 18

2018 18

2017 18

2016 7

2015 11

2014 8

2013 6

2012 14

2011 3

2010 4

2009 7

2008 3

2007 7

2006 2

2004 2

2003 2

open ︾

Keywords

cancer immunotherapy 3

Biomarkers 2

CAR T cells 2

Cancer 2

Industry 4.0 2

Treg 2

characterization 2

chimeric antigen receptor T cell 2

cogeneration 2

free vibration analysis 2

hepatocellular carcinoma 2

immunotherapy 2

meta-heuristic algorithm 2

(PFOA) 1

1 1

1T/2H-MoS₂ 1

21) 1

21) AML 1

21)(q22 1

open ︾

Search scope:

排序： Display mode:

Th17 Cells in autoimmune diseases

Lei Han,Jing Yang,Xiuwen Wang,Dan Li,Ling Lv,Bin Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 10-19 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0388-9

Abstract:

Th17 cells are a new subset of CD4⁺ T cells involved in the clearance of extracellular

Keywords： IL-17 Th17 cells RORγt autoimmune diseases posttranslational modification inhibitors

HTML PDF Collect

Deubiquitinases as pivotal regulators of T cell functions

Xiao-Dong Yang, Shao-Cong Sun

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 451-462 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0651-y

Abstract:

T cells efficiently respond to foreign antigens to mediate immune responses against infections butDefect in T cell activation is associated with severe immune deficiencies, whereas aberrant T cell activationAn emerging mechanism that regulates T cell activation and tolerance is ubiquitination, a reversibleIt is now well recognized that DUBs are crucial regulators of T cell responses and serve as potentialThis review will discuss the recent progresses regarding the functions of DUBs in T cells.

Keywords： deubiquitinase ubiquitination T cell activation T cell differentiation T cell tolerance

HTML PDF Collect

Regulation of T cell immunity by cellular metabolism

Zhilin Hu, Qiang Zou, Bing Su

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 463-472 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0668-2

Abstract:

T cells are an important adaptive immune response arm that mediates cell-mediated immunity.T cell metabolism plays a central role in T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and effectorSpecific metabolic programs are tightly controlled to mediate T cell immune responses, and alterationsin T cell metabolism may result in many immunological disorders.in T cell metabolic programming during T cell homeostasis, differentiation, and function.

Keywords： T cell immunity metabolic pathways nutrient uptake metabolic checkpoints

HTML PDF Collect

Separation and extraction of bridge dynamic strain data

Baijian WU, Zhaoxia LI, Ying WANG, T. H. T. CHAN,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages 395-400 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0049-7

Abstract: Through comparing the measured data of dynamic strains due to loading and temperature by the stain gauge and temperature sensor at the same location, the information in the strain data was divided into three parts in the frequency domain by using the defined index named power spectral density (PSD)-ratio index. The three parts are dominated respectively by temperature varying, stresses, and noises and thus can be distinguished from the determined the separatrix frequencies. Also, a simple algorithm was developed to separate the three types of information and to extract the strain caused mainly by structural stresses. As an application of the proposed method, the effect of strain deformation and noises on the fatigue assessment was investigated based on the separated data. The results show that, the determined values of separatrix frequencies are valuable for the monitoring data from other bridges. The algorithm is a multiresolution and hierarchical method, which has been validated as a simple and effective method for data analyses, and is suitable for the compression and preprocessing of the great amount monitoring data and easy to be integrated into the structural health monitoring (SHM) soft system. The strain due to temperature varying attributes a little to the errors of fatigue assessment; however, the noises or random disturbance existed in the monitoring data have much responsibility for the errors, and the main reason is that the random disturbance shifts the real strain/stress amplitude picked up by real structural stress or strain.

Keywords： dynamic valuable separatrix strain/stress amplitude frequency

HTML PDF Collect

Carcinogens that induce the A:T>T:A nucleotide substitutions in the genome

Guangbiao Zhou, Xinchun Zhao

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 2, Pages 236-238 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0611-y

Abstract:

Recently, Ng . reported that the A:T>T:A substitutions, proposed to be a signature of aristolochicof the patients’ exposure history is the key to determine the “culprit” of the A:T>T:A mutations.

Keywords： genomic signature carcinogen aristolochic acid tobacco smoke vinyl chloride hepatocellular carcinoma

HTML PDF Collect

γδ T cells in liver diseases

Xuefu Wang, Zhigang Tian

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3, Pages 262-268 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0584-x

Abstract:

γδ T cells display unique developmental, distributional, and functional patterns and canγδ T cells are enriched in the liver and exhibit liver-specific features.In this study, we review the properties of hepatic γδ T cells and summarize the roles ofγδ T cells in liver diseases.We believe that determining the properties and functions of γδ T cells in liver diseases

Keywords： γδT cells liver infection non-alcoholic fatty liver disease autoimmune hepatitis liver fibrosis and cirrhosis

HTML PDF Collect

High-affinity T cell receptors redirect cytokine-activated T cells (CAT) to kill cancer cells

Synat Kang, Yanyan Li, Yifeng Bao, Yi Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 69-82 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0677-1

Abstract:

Cytokine-activated T cells (CATs) can be easily expanded and are widely applied to cancer immunotherapyThe low-efficacy problem can be resolved using T cell antigen receptor-engineered CAT (TCR-CAT).TCR-CATs delivered significantly better activation and cytotoxicity than the equivalent TCR-engineered TTCR-CAT may be a very good alternative to the expensive TCR-T, which is considered an effective personalized

Keywords： cytokine-activated T cells high-affinity T cell receptor cancer immunotherapy TCR-CAT

HTML PDF Collect

A case for assessing

Ian T. RILEY

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages 568-582 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019270

Abstract: Agroecosystems in water-limited contexts— Mediterranean, semi-arid and arid climatic zones—are too frequently degraded systems that will not provide the needed ecosystem services to ensure a future of sustainable agricultural production. The processes that have created this situation continue and are being accelerated by anthropogenic climate change. Increasing arboreal vegetation in these areas through agroforestry is an important strategy to conserve and improve their agroecosystems. Actinorhizal trees and shrubs in the Casurinaceae have a unique set of adaptations for heat and water stress, and/or infertile to hostile soils. Central Anatolia, Turkey is particularly at risk of increasing aridity and further degradation. Therefore, species of and have been evaluated for their potential use in agroecosystem improvement in semi-arid areas with a focus on Central Anatolia. Based on a semiquantitative environmental tolerance index and reported plant stature, eight species were identified as being of high ( . and . ) to moderate ( . , . , . , . , . and . ) priority for assessment, with none of these species having been adequately evaluated for agroforestry deployment in semi-arid agroecosystems in any context.

Keywords： actinorrhizal trees agroforestry climate change ecosystem restoration

HTML PDF Collect

CAR T-cell immunotherapy: a powerful weapon for fighting hematological B-cell malignancies

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 6, Pages 783-804 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0904-z

Abstract: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) immunotherapy opens a new path for targeted therapy of hematologicalIn this review, through a representative case study, we summarize the current experience of CAR T-cell, the causative mechanisms of therapy resistance, and new strategies to improve the efficacy of CAR T-cell

Keywords： CAR T cells hematological malignancies review

HTML PDF Collect

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies for acute myeloid leukemia

Bin Gu, Jianhong Chu, Depei Wu

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6, Pages 701-710 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0763-z

Abstract: Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T) therapies have achieved unprecedented efficacy in B-cellAlthough the identification of an ideal target antigen for AML is challenging, CAR T therapy remainsIn this review, we focus on the most recent and promising advances in CAR T therapies for AML.

Keywords： acute myeloid leukemia CAR T immunotherapy

HTML PDF Collect

Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease

Simone Nüssing, Sneha Sant, Marios Koutsakos, Kanta Subbarao, Thi H.O. Nguyen, Katherine Kedzierska

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 34-47 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0606-8

Abstract: Moreover, vaccines designed to generate influenza-specific T-cell responses are yet to be optimized.Adaptive T and B cells maintain immunological memory and provide protection against subsequent infectionsRecent studies also shed light on the role of innate T-cells (MAIT cells, gd T cells, and NKT cells)We summarize the current knowledge on influenza-specific innate MAIT and gd T cells as well as adaptiveCD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells, and discuss how these responses can be harnessed by novel

Keywords： influenza innate T cells CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells vaccination

HTML PDF Collect

Treating wastewater under zero waste principle using wetland mesocosms

Ezzat, Mohammed T. Mohammed T.

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1351-9

Abstract: Abstract • Smart wetland was designed to treat wastewater according to zero waste principle. • The system included a dynamic roughing filter, Cyperus papyrus (L.) and zeolite. • It removed 98.8 and 99.8% of chemical and bacterial pollutants in 3 days. • The effluent reused to irrigate a landscape and the sludge recycled as fertilizer. • The plant biomass is a profitable resource for antibacterial and antioxidants. The present investigation demonstrates the synergistic action of using a sedimentation unit together with Cyperus papyrus (L.) wetland enriched with zeolite mineral in one-year round experiment for treating wastewater. The system was designed to support a horizontal surface flow pattern and showed satisfactory removal efficiencies for both physicochemical and bacteriological contaminants within 3 days of residence time. The removal efficiencies ranged between 76.3% and 98.8% for total suspended solids, turbidity, iron, biological oxygen demand, and ammonia. The bacterial indicators (total and fecal coliforms, as well as fecal streptococci) and the potential pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) showed removal efficiencies ranged between 96.9% and 99.8%. We expect the system to offer a smart management for every component according to zero waste principle. The treated effluent was reused to irrigate the landscape of pilot area, and the excess sludge was recycled as fertilizer and soil conditioner. The zeolite mineral did not require regeneration for almost 36 weeks of operation, and enhanced the density of shoots (14.11%) and the height of shoots (15.88%). The harvested plant biomass could be a profitable resource for potent antibacterial and antioxidant bioactive compounds. This could certainly offset part of the operation and maintenance costs and optimize the system implementation feasibility. Although the experiment was designed under local conditions, its results could provide insights to upgrade and optimize the performance of other analogous large-scale constructed wetlands.

Keywords： Wastewater dynamic roughing filter Cyperus papyrus (L.) zeolite zero waste

HTML PDF Collect

Modeling of alkali-silica reaction in concrete: a review

PAN, Y.T. FENG, J.T. WANG, Q.C. SUN, C.H. ZHANG, D.R.J. OWEN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 1-18 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0141-2

Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive review of modeling of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete. Such modeling is essential for investigating the chemical expansion mechanism and the subsequent influence on the mechanical aspects of the material. The concept of ASR and the mechanism of expansion are first outlined, and the state-of-the-art of modeling for ASR, the focus of the paper, is then presented in detail. The modeling includes theoretical approaches, meso- and macroscopic models for ASR analysis. The theoretical approaches dealt with the chemical reaction mechanism and were used for predicting pessimum size of aggregate. Mesoscopic models have attempted to explain the mechanism of mechanical deterioration of ASR-affected concrete at material scale. The macroscopic models, chemo-mechanical coupling models, have been generally developed by combining the chemical reaction kinetics with linear or nonlinear mechanical constitutive, and were applied to reproduce and predict the long-term behavior of structures suffering from ASR. Finally, a conclusion and discussion of the modeling are given.

Keywords： alkali-silica reaction (ASR) modeling concrete mesoscopic macroscopic

HTML PDF Collect

Regulatory T Cells and Their Clinical Applications in Antitumor Immunotherapy Review

Feng Xie, Rui Liang, Dan Li, Bin Li

Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 132-139 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.12.002

Abstract: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subgroup of suppressive CD4+ T cells that play a vital role in the maintenanceopportunities for improving antitumor efficiency in combination with other therapeutics (e.g., Car-T-based

Keywords： Regulatory T cells Cancer Immunotherapy

HTML PDF Collect

Fabrication, modification and environmental applications of TiO

ROHANI, T. ISIMJAN, A. MOHAMED, H. KAZEMIAN, M. SALEM, T. WANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 112-122 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1144-6

Abstract: Among the semiconductors, titanium dioxide has been identified as an effective photocatalyst due to its abundance, low cost, stability, and superior electronic energy band structure. Highly ordered nanotube arrays of titania were produced by anodization and mild sonication. The band gap energy of the titania nanotube arrays was reduced to 2.6 eV by co-doping with Fe, C, N atoms using an electrolyte solution containing K Fe(CN) . The photoconversion of phenol in a batch photoreactor increased to more than 18% based on the initial concentration of phenol by using a composite nanomaterial consisting of titania nanotube arrays and Pt/ZIF-8 nanoparticles. A layer-by-layer assembly technique for the deposition of titania nanoparticles was developed to fabricate air filters for the degradation of trace amounts of toluene in the air and preparation of superhyrophobic surfaces for oil-water separation and anti-corrosion surfaces.

Keywords： TiO₂ nanotube arrays and nanoparticles anodization bandgap modification layer-by-layer deposition oil-water separation