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From Terahertz Imaging to Terahertz Wireless Communications Review

Yi Huang,Yaochun Shen,Jiayou Wang

Engineering 2023, Volume 22, Issue 3,   Pages 106-124 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.023

Abstract:

Terahertz (THz) technology is probably best known to the public as a powerful tool for imaging, since it has been applied in security and medical scanning, resulting in numerous impressive images that would be unobtainable using other technologies. With the roll-out of 5G mobile networks, research into 6G wireless communications is heating up. It is envisioned that THz technology will be used for 6G and future wireless communications. In this paper, we review how THz technology has been employed for imaging and wireless communications, identify state-of-the-art developments in the field, and then examine and compare common devices and issues in both applications. The possibility of integrating THz imaging/sensing and wireless communications is considered, and challenges and future perspectives are presented and discussed. It is shown that THz technology is indeed a key enabling technology for both imaging and wireless communications in the future.

Keywords： Communications     Imaging     Terahertz technology     Wireless communications    

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A high-precision terahertz retrodirective antenna array with navigation signal at a different frequency Correspondence

Zhong-bo ZHU, Wei-dong HU, Tao QIN, Sheng LI, Xiao-jun LI, Jiang-jie ZENG, Xian-qi LIN, Leo P. LIGTHART

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 3,   Pages 377-383 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900581

Abstract: Future communications will provide higher transmission rates and higher operating frequencies. In addition, agile beam tracking will be an inevitable trend in technology development. The terahertz retrodirective antenna array proposed and discussed in this paper can be a better solution for agile beam tracking. The array receives a 40-GHz navigation signal and accurately retransmits a 120-GHz beam in the direction of the arrival wave. Simulation results indicate that the proposed array with a stacked sandwich structure has realized the tracking of the received wave. The scanning radiation pattern shows that the array gain is 23.87 dB at 19.9° when the incident angle is 20° with a relative error of only 0.5%, meaning that there is a lateral error of only 8.7 m at a transmission distance of 5 km.

Keywords： Terahertz     Retrodirective antenna array     Terahertz communications     Conjugate mixing    

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Frequency–angle two-dimensional reflection coefficient modeling based on terahertz channel measurement Correspondence

Zhaowei CHANG, Jianhua ZHANG, Pan TANG, Lei TIAN, Li YU, Guangyi LIU, Liang XIA,changzw12345@bupt.edu.cn,jhzhang@bupt.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 4,   Pages 626-632 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200290

Abstract: Terahertz (THz) channel propagation characteristics are vital for the design, evaluation, and optimization of THz communication systems. Moreover, reflection plays a significant role in channel propagation. In this correspondence, the reflection coefficients of the THz channel are researched based on extensive measurement campaigns. First, we set up the THz channel sounder from 220 to 320 GHz at incident angles ranging from 10◦ to 80◦. Based on the measured propagation loss, the reflection coefficients of five building materials, i.e., glass, tile, board, plasterboard, and aluminum alloy are calculated separately for frequencies and incident angles. It is found that the lack of THz-relative parameters leads to an inability to successfully fit the Fresnel model of nonmetallic materials to the measurement data. Thus, we propose a frequency–angle two-dimensional reflection coefficient (FARC) model by modifying the Fresnel model with the Lorenz and Drude models. The proposed model characterizes the frequency and incident angle for reflection coefficients and shows low root-mean-square error (RMSE) with the measurement data. Generally, these results are useful for modeling THz channels.

Keywords： 太赫兹通信；反射系数建模；入射角；建筑材料；菲涅耳模型    

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Graphene-metasurface for wide-incident-angle terahertz absorption Research

Ri-hui Xiong, Xiao-qing Peng, Jiu-sheng Li,lijsh2008@126.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 3,   Pages 287-436 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000079

Abstract: We demonstrate a structure for tunable wide-incident-angle terahertz wave absorption, which involves depositing planar arrays of on a silicon dioxide substrate. We also discuss how the graphene Fermi-level layer and various substrates affect the absorption characteristics. The absorption of the proposed is above 80% at an incident angle of 0°–60° in frequencies ranging from 0.82 to 2.0 THz. Our results will be very beneficial in the application of terahertz wave communications and biomedical imaging/sensing systems.

Keywords： 石墨烯超表面；太赫兹吸收器；欧米伽形石墨烯图案    

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Standardization of 6G Key Technologies: Thoughts and Suggestions

Luo Yan, Quan Wei, Zhang Hongke

Strategic Study of CAE 2023, Volume 25, Issue 6,   Pages 18-26 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.06.003

Abstract:

Research on the sixth-generation mobile communication (6G) technology starts gradually after the commercialization of the fifth-generation mobile communication (5G) technology, thus to support the development of digital economy and the construction of digital infrastructure. Countries worldwide are now competing for the establishment of 6G standards. This study reviews the development status of 6G standards from the aspects of 6G technology development in major developed countries and regions, international cooperation in 6G standards development, and 6G technology development in China. Moreover, it explores the integrated application and standardization progresses of 6G technology, involving the standardization of computing power networks, blockchain, digital twins, artificial intelligence, and holographic communications. China can make plans in advance for the standardization of 6G key technologies, focusing on terahertz, smart metasurface, smart holographic radio, super-large-scale MIMO, and communicationsperception integration technologies. Furthermore, the following suggestions are proposed: (1) strengthening the independent innovation of 6G key technologies to promote the independent development of 6G basic industries; (2) accelerating cross-industry cooperation and innovation to establish the standards system for 6G key technologies; and (3) deepening international cooperation on 6G technologies to help create an open and win-win global industrial ecology.

Keywords： 6G     standards establishment     terahertz     computing power network     communications and perception integration    

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A mechanical reliability study of 3-dB waveguide hybrid couplers in submillimeter and terahertz bands Research Articles

Zhongqian Niu, Bo Zhang, Daotong Li, Dongfeng Ji, Yang Liu, Yinian Feng, Tianchi Zhou, Yaohui Zhang, Yong Fan,zhangbouestc@yeah.net

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 8,   Pages 1104-1113 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000229

Abstract: This paper presents a study of s in submillimeter and terahertz bands. To show the necessity of improving the mechanical properties of the coupler’s branch in submillimeter and terahertz bands, a comprehensive study regarding the displacement of hybrid branch variation with varying width-length ratio and height-length ratio has been completed. In addition, a modified is designed and presented. Compared with the traditional branch structure, the proposed hybrid consists of a modified middle branch with circular cutouts at the top and bottom on both sides instead of the traditional rectangle branch, which increases the branch size and improves its while achieving the same performance. Simulation results show that the deformation of the modified hybrid branch is 22% less than those of other traditional structure designs under the same stress. In practice, a vibration experiment is set up to verify the of hybrid couplers. Measurement results show that the experiment deteriorates the coupling performance. Experimental results verify that the performance of the novel structure coupler is better than that of a traditional structure branch hybrid coupler under the same electrical properties.

Keywords： 定向耦合器；3-dB分支波导定向耦合器；亚毫米波器件；太赫兹电路；机械可靠性    

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Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and micro-cavity components for probing samples: a review Special Feature on Precision Measurement and Instr

Lin CHEN, Deng-gao LIAO, Xu-guang GUO, Jia-yu ZHAO, Yi-ming ZHU, Song-lin ZHUANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 5,   Pages 591-607 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800633

Abstract:

We give a brief review of the developments in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) systems and microcavity components for probing samples in the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology. The broadband terahertz (THz) radiation sources based on GaAs m-i-n diodes have been investigated by applying high electric fields. Then, the free space THz-TDS and fiber-coupled THz-TDS systems produced in our lab and their applications in drug/cancer detection are introduced in detail. To further improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and enhance sensitivity, we introduce three general micro-cavity approaches to achieve tiny-volume sample detection, summarizing our previous results about their characteristics, performance, and potential applications.

Keywords： Terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy     Micro-cavity     Metal holes array     Waveguide cavities     Spoof localized surface plasmons (LSPs)    

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Development Strategy of Free Electron Laser Technology in China

Li Peng, Li Ming, Wu Dai, Zhou Zheng, Tang Chun

Strategic Study of CAE 2020, Volume 22, Issue 3,   Pages 35-41 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.03.006

Abstract:

Free electron laser (FEL) is a large-scale scientific research device based on electron linear accelerator and has been widely used in basic scientific research such as condensed matter physics, advanced materials and surface physics, atomic and molecular physics, chemistry, and biology. The advancement of FEL technology will promote the light sources to develop towards higher power and shorter wavelength to satisfy the increasing demands of users. This study introduces the necessity of development based on the characteristics of the FEL technology and summarizes the current development status of the technology in China and abroad. It also analyzes the existing problems in its development in China and proposes ideas and goals for the development of FEL technology in China. By 2035, China should focus on making breakthroughs in long-wave FEL, X-ray FEL, new FEL, and FEL-based extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography light source technologies. Based on the research and analysis, this study proposes some suggestions for the steady and healthy development of the FEL technology in China, including making scientific development strategies, raising investment in fundamental research to promote independent innovation, strengthening multi-party cooperation to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, promoting market application, and strengthening personnel training.

Keywords： free electron laser     infrared-terabertz FEL     extreme ultraviolet-FEL     X-ray FEL    

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Channelmeasurements and models for 6G: current status and future outlook Review Articles

Jian-hua ZHANG, Pan TANG, Li YU, Tao JIANG, Lei TIAN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 1,   Pages 39-61 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900450

Abstract: With the commercialization of fifth generation networks worldwide, research into sixth generation (6G) networks has been launched to meet the demands for high data rates and low latency for future services. A wireless propagation channel is the transmission medium to transfer information between the transmitter and the receiver. Moreover, channel properties determine the ultimate performance limit of wireless communication systems. Thus, conducting channel research is a prerequisite to designing 6G wireless communication systems. In this paper, we first introduce several emerging technologies and applications for 6G, such as terahertz communication, industrial Internet of Things, space-air-ground integrated network, and machine learning, and point out the developing trends of 6G channel models. Then, we give a review of channel measurements and models for the technologies and applications. Finally, the outlook for 6G channel measurements and models is discussed.

Keywords： Channel measurements     Channel models     Sixth generation     Terahertz     Industrial Internet of Things     Space-air-ground integrated network     Machine learning    

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Novel X-ray and Optical Diagnostics for Studying Energetic Materials: A Review Review

Yiyang Zhang, Sen Chen, Yang Cai, Lei Lu, Duan Fan, Jinchun Shi, Junyu Huang, Sheng-Nian Luo

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 9,   Pages 992-1005 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.019

Abstract:

Thermomechanical, physical, and chemical processes in energetic materials (EMs) during manufacturing and processing or under external stimuli such as shock compression, involve multiple temporal and spatial scales. Discovering novel phenomena, acquiring new data, and understanding underlying mechanisms all require temporally and spatially resolved diagnostics. Here, we present a brief review of novel diagnostics that are either emerging or have existed but rarely been applied to EMs, including two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) X-ray imaging, X-ray diffraction, coherent X-ray diffraction imaging, small angle X-ray scattering, terahertz and optical absorption/emission spectroscopy, and one-dimensional (1D) and 2D laser-based velocity/displacement interferometry. Typical spatial scales involved are lattice (nanometer and micrometer) and typical temporal scales (femtosecond, picosecond, nanosecond, microsecond, and millisecond). The targeted scientific questions and engineering problems include defects, strengths, deformations, hot spots, phase changes, reactions, and shock sensitivities. Basic principles of measurement and data analysis, and illustrative examples of these are presented. Advanced measurements and experimental complexities also necessitate further development in corresponding data analysis and interpretation methodologies, and multiscale modeling

Keywords： Energetic materials     X-ray     Terahertz and optical diagnostics     Multiscale measurements    

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Consideration on Developing Mobile Satellite Communication

Zhang Naitong,Zhang Zhongzhao,Chu Haibin,Liu Huijie

Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 10,   Pages 11-16

Abstract:

Three kinds of international constellation communication system are introduced in this paper, and the constitution, configuration, function, and existing problems of some representative systems are analyzed. The paper discusses the development and trend of the satellite communication system, and then some viewpoints on developing mobile satellite communication system are put forward.

Keywords： mobile satellite communication     constellation communication system     broad band service    

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Third Generation Mobile Communication——The IP Oriented Application of Modern Wireless Communication Technology

Wu Hequan

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 8,   Pages 69-75

Abstract:

The article firstly reviews the evolution of the 1st generation (analogy) mobile communication system and the 2nd generation (digital) mobile communication system, and predicts that deployment of mobile communication systems will be enter a development period at a more great rate in the next decate. The mobile communication service will extend from voice to data, and the mobile communication technology will transits from circuit mode to packet mode. Following briefly addressing the second and half generation mobile communication system (2.5 GM) that will come to application soon, introduces the 3rd generation mobile communication (3 GM) for broadband multimedia application. Some schemes as mainstream of 3GM RTT (radio transmission technology) standards and the key technologies, especially technical features of TD - SCDMA presented by China, are emphatically described. Finally, The transition strategy from 2GM to 3GM and the development trend of 3GM core network are prospected in this article.

Keywords： mobile communication     third generation mobile communication     CDMA     TD - SCDMA    

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The Development Trent of Advanced Communication Technology

Bi Houjie

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 8,   Pages 31-34

Abstract:

In this paper, the development trend of advanced communication network terminals is summarized and analyzed. It is instructive to point out that industrialization of communication software and development of the EDA technology must be strengthened in order to meet the challenge of entering WTO.

Keywords： telecommunication network     grouping     multimedium     mobility     communication terminal    

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Researches and Suggestions on Development Strategy of Military Anti-jamming Communication Engineering

Yao Fuqiang

Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 5,   Pages 24-29

Abstract:

Based on expatiating the covering range of military anti-jammjing communication equipments and analyzing the development current of anti-jamming communication abroad, this paper researches emphatically the development strategy of military anti-jamming communication engineering, and puts forward some suggestions in this field, for the new military revolution and informzation construction of the PLA.

Keywords： military communication     anti-jamming     electronic defence    

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Meteorological Telecommunication Network &Computer Systems Engineering

Li Huang,Wang Chunhu

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 9,   Pages 101-106

Abstract:

As the information infrastructure for the meteorological services in China, meteorological telecommunication networks and computer systems have made great progress in terms of networking and computer applications. For the 21st century, the meteorological services in China will continue to be improved with leaps and bounds, the meteorological information infrastructure will also be further strengthened and along developed the expansion and advance of the national information infrastructure. This article introduces the developments regarding both meteorological telecommunication networks and computer systems, and presents the status of the construction in modernized system projects of China Meteorological Administration as well as it´s engineering applications .

Keywords： telecommunication network     computer     systems engineering    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

From Terahertz Imaging to Terahertz Wireless Communications

Yi Huang,Yaochun Shen,Jiayou Wang

Journal Article

A high-precision terahertz retrodirective antenna array with navigation signal at a different frequency

Zhong-bo ZHU, Wei-dong HU, Tao QIN, Sheng LI, Xiao-jun LI, Jiang-jie ZENG, Xian-qi LIN, Leo P. LIGTHART

Journal Article

Frequency–angle two-dimensional reflection coefficient modeling based on terahertz channel measurement

Zhaowei CHANG, Jianhua ZHANG, Pan TANG, Lei TIAN, Li YU, Guangyi LIU, Liang XIA,changzw12345@bupt.edu.cn,jhzhang@bupt.edu.cn

Journal Article

Graphene-metasurface for wide-incident-angle terahertz absorption

Ri-hui Xiong, Xiao-qing Peng, Jiu-sheng Li,lijsh2008@126.com

Journal Article

Standardization of 6G Key Technologies: Thoughts and Suggestions

Luo Yan, Quan Wei, Zhang Hongke

Journal Article

A mechanical reliability study of 3-dB waveguide hybrid couplers in submillimeter and terahertz bands

Zhongqian Niu, Bo Zhang, Daotong Li, Dongfeng Ji, Yang Liu, Yinian Feng, Tianchi Zhou, Yaohui Zhang, Yong Fan,zhangbouestc@yeah.net

Journal Article

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and micro-cavity components for probing samples: a review

Lin CHEN, Deng-gao LIAO, Xu-guang GUO, Jia-yu ZHAO, Yi-ming ZHU, Song-lin ZHUANG

Journal Article

Development Strategy of Free Electron Laser Technology in China

Li Peng, Li Ming, Wu Dai, Zhou Zheng, Tang Chun

Journal Article

Channelmeasurements and models for 6G: current status and future outlook

Jian-hua ZHANG, Pan TANG, Li YU, Tao JIANG, Lei TIAN

Journal Article

Novel X-ray and Optical Diagnostics for Studying Energetic Materials: A Review

Yiyang Zhang, Sen Chen, Yang Cai, Lei Lu, Duan Fan, Jinchun Shi, Junyu Huang, Sheng-Nian Luo

Journal Article

Consideration on Developing Mobile Satellite Communication

Zhang Naitong,Zhang Zhongzhao,Chu Haibin,Liu Huijie

Journal Article

Third Generation Mobile Communication——The IP Oriented Application of Modern Wireless Communication Technology

Wu Hequan

Journal Article

The Development Trent of Advanced Communication Technology

Bi Houjie

Journal Article

Researches and Suggestions on Development Strategy of Military Anti-jamming Communication Engineering

Yao Fuqiang

Journal Article

Meteorological Telecommunication Network &Computer Systems Engineering

Li Huang,Wang Chunhu

Journal Article