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Strategies for Soil Fertility Improvement of Arable Land in China
Yingjie Hu, Xiangbin Kong, Yuzhen Zhang
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 84-89 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.013
This paper systematically reviews the trends of soil fertility of arable land in China and puts forwards that the soil fertility improvement of arable land in China should realize the strategic change from single application of chemical fertilizer to the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, combine cultivation with preservation to maintain soil fertility, and implement spatial differentiation control. Moreover, this paper summarizes the ways to improve the soil fertility of arable land in China, including increasing the application of organic fertilizer, promoting straw returning to the field, resuming and promoting green manure cultivation, improving the farming conditions, and optimizing the layout of agroforestry networks. At last, this paper proposes policy suggestions of implementing high-standard farmland construction projects, soil improvement and restoration projects, grass-crop rotation projects, straw returning projects, and livestock and poultry manure application projects.
Keywords： 保持土壤肥力，应实行空间差异化管控的战略思路，总结出增施有机肥、推广秸秆还田、恢复推广绿肥种植以及提升农田耕作条件和优化农田林网布局等耕地土壤肥力提升实现途径，提出了国家继续实施高标准农田建设工程、土壤改良修复工程 本文系统梳理了中国耕地土壤肥力变化态势，提出我国耕地土壤肥力提升应实现从单一施用化肥向有机无机肥相结合的战略转变，应
The Impact of Cropland Spatial Pattern Change on Grain Production in China
Li Yuanyuan, Tan Minghong, Zhang Hongqi
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 90-95 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.014
Cropland is the basis of grain production. In recent decades, the spatial pattern of cropland in China has changed significantly, which has caused some impact on grain production. Based on land cover data of 1990, 2000, and 2010, this study explored changes in the spatial pattern of cropland, and constructed a database with a spatial resolution of 1 km based on county-level agricultural statistics and soil organic matter data, which is the representative of crop productivity. The results show that: during the period from 1990 to 2010, drastic reclamation happened in Northeast and Northwest China while the cropland acreage decreased in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain; the main source of new cropland during the study period was grassland (46.9%), and the lost cropland was mainly converted to forest land (36.6%) in the first ten years and then to construction land (53.0%) in the following ten years; the changes in the spatial pattern of cropland have caused a decrease of 2.0% in the average crop productivity, and during this period, the construction land mostly occupied high-quality cropland, while the newly reclaimed cropland had lower crop productivity.
Keywords： 耕地是粮食生产的基础，近几十年来中国耕地空间格局变化显著，对粮食生产造成一定影响。本研究以1990 年土地覆被数据为基础，探究耕地空间格局变化，并基于县级农业统计数据和土壤有机质数据得到空间分辨率为1 ，在此期间建设用地多占用优质耕地，而新开垦的耕地粮食生产力普遍较低。
Research on the Strategy for Improving Cultivated Land Quality in China
Hongqi Zhang, Minghong Tan, Xiangbin Kong, Yongmei Xu, Erqi Xu, Erping Shang
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 16-22 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.003
Based on a systematic analysis of changes in quantity and quality of cultivated land in China, this paper put forward an overall strategic thinking of realizing three strategic transformations in the cultivated land management from the aspects of quantity, quality, and ecology of the cultivated land. Five important measures, including enhancing the cultivated land quantity in China, curbing undisciplined growth of construction land, improving the fertility of cultivated soil, preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution of soil, and preventing and controlling agricultural film pollution, were proposed. It was also recommended that four major projects, namely middle- and low-yield farmland reforms, comprehensive improvement of rural land, comprehensive reparation of heavy metal pollution of soil, and soil and water conservation, sand prevention, and saline soil improvement, should be implemented as soon as possible.
Keywords： cultivated land quality temporal and spatial change strategy major projects
The Assessment of the Impacts of Land Use Change on the Ecosystem Carbon Sink
Wu Jianguo,Zhang Xiaoquan,Xu Deying
Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 9, Pages 65-71
Based on the analyzing of the carbon cycle under different ecosystem in Liupan mountain forest zone and the conception of carbon sink and source , the impacts of land use change on the carbon sink of ecosystem were assessed. It is found that the function of ecosystem carbon source or sink under different land uses includes carbon storage, input and output of ecosystem carbon pool, net change of carbon storage and stabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC). The ecosystem carbon storage under natural secondary forest or plantation ecosystem is higher than that under cropland or rangeland ecosystem . The storage of ecosystem carbon, SOC, active SOC pool, slow SOC, protected and unprotected fraction of SOC and labile fraction of SOC under secondary forest or plantation ecosystem are higher than those under cropland and rangeland ecosystem. Natural secondary forest ecosystem is strong carbon sink, while plantation ecosystem is weak carbon sink, and cropland or rangeland ecosystem is source. The measures of increasing ecosystem sink include increasing input of ecosystem carbon pool, decreasing output of ecosystem carbon pool and increasing stabilization of SOC in ecosystem.
Keywords： land use change soil organic carbon carbon cycle ecosystem carbon sink/source
Zhenrui Zhang, Xinghui Xia, Zhifeng Yang
Engineering 2023, Volume 28, Issue 9, Pages 11-15 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.014
Keywords： China city areas THE AUTHORS.Published behalf Company Engineering Education Press Academy carbon changes decades: Implications
Quasi-period Changes of the Operational Parameters for Hot Oil Pipelines
Cui Hui
Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 51-53
Subjected to the annual changes of the air temperature, the quasi-period rules of the operational parameters of the buried hot oil pipelines and the surrounding soil temperature are theoretically presented in this paper. On the basis of large numbers of actual operational data, the rationality of the rules is further validated. In addition, the delay of the operational parameters must be considered in the studies of the saving energy, optimizing operation and economically pigging for hot oil pipelines.
Keywords： hot oil pipeline air temperature soil environment quasi-period
Use of the RegCM System over East Asia: Review and Perspectives
Xuejie Gao, Filippo Giorgi
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 5, Pages 766-772 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.019
The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) RegCM system is one of the most commonly used regional climate models (RCMs) over the East Asia region. In this paper, we present a brief review of the RegCM system and its applications to the East Asia region. The model history and plans for future development are described. Previous and ongoing applications, as well as the advantages and biases found in the model system over the East Asia region, are summarized. The model biases that exist are mainly found in the cold seasons, and are characterized by a warm bias at high latitudes and underestimation of precipitation in the south. These biases are similar to those of most global climate models (GCMs). Finally, future plans on the application and development of the model, and specifically on those within the context of the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), are introduced. This paper is intended to serve as a reference for future users of the RegCM system within the East Asia region.
Keywords： Regional climate model China Climate change Community land model
Li Wenhua1,Cheng Shengkui,Mei Xurong,Liu Moucheng and Hong Chuanchun
Strategic Study of CAE 2016, Volume 18, Issue 1, Pages 56-64 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.01.008
Food security is based on the agricultural resources and environment. At present, China's agricultural resources and environment have been faced with three problems. First, due to the shrinking of sown areas and the quality reduction and spatial pattern changes of cultivated land, China's cultivated land resource cannot provide sustainable support for its food production. Second, the contradiction between "the increasing grain demand and the decreasing water resource" has become obvious and the "north-to-south grain transfer" has been increasingly difficult. Third, the agricultural eco-environment has deteriorated and the service function of the agricultural ecosystem cannot be brought into full play. To solve these problems, we should implement the efficient modern ecological agriculture strategy, rebalancing strategy in the grain production area and the trade substitution strategy. Based on these strategies, relevant policy suggestions are also put forward.
Keywords： cultivated land resource water resource agricultural resource and eco-environment ecosystem services eco-compensation
Trend Analysis of Precipitation of Arid Areas In China
Gao Qingxian,Xu Ying,Ren Zhenhai
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 6, Pages 36-43
In this paper, the historical precipitation data has been analyzed, the temporal spatial distribution of atmospheric precipitation of north and west of China have been studied in detail. Choosing 5 global climate change models recommended by IPCC, the atmospheric precipitation of China in 2030 has been analyzed under different scenario. Finally, the future trend of atmospheric precipitation in north and west of China is revealed and the preliminary judgment of the probability of mitigating the drought in north of China has been given.
Keywords： atmospheric precipitation climate change climate model water resources
A Roadmap for Sustainable Agricultural Soil Remediation Under China’s Carbon Neutrality Vision
Fangbai Li, Liping Fang, Fengchang Wu
Engineering 2023, Volume 25, Issue 6, Pages 28-31 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.010
Sustainable Management and Action in China under the Increasing Risks of Global Climate Change
Yihui Ding
Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 3, Pages 301-305 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.12.014
Chen Liqi
Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 2, Pages 1-7
The Arctic and Antarctic is a significant component in the earth system. There are increasing evidences showing that the interaction between human and the earth has become a driving force to the global change. The polar system has been playing an important role as a magnifier and an indicator to the global change. In the period of exchange between the old and the new century, researches on the Arctic and Antarctic system science represent a giant science era. The Arctic and Antarctic system science is not only studying operational mechanism, order, and controlling principle in the response and feedback of the Arctic and Antarctic system to the global change to provide scientific bases for regional complexity and the global change forecasting, but it is also a systematic engineering science to study high innovative technological utility and to improve human's understanding the nature as well as to effectively manage the polar system. In the past 20 years, through the effert by the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic National Research Expedition, Chinese scientists have obtained a further knowledge about the polar system complexity under the global change and the development and management of polar science expedition.
Keywords： global change science arctic and antarctic system science systemic engineering management
The Development Trend of and Suggestions for China’s Hydrogen Energy Industry
Xiaoqiang Zhang
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 6, Pages 719-721 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.04.012
An Intelligent Non-Collocated Control Strategy for Ball-Screw Feed Drives with Dynamic Variations
Hui Liu, Jun Zhang, Wanhua Zhao
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 5, Pages 641-647 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.007
The ball-screw feed drive has varying high-order dynamic characteristics due to flexibilities of the slender screw spindle and joints between components, and an obvious feature of non-collocated control when a direct position measurement using a linear scale is employed. The dynamic characteristics and noncollocated situation have long been the source of difficulties in motion and vibration control, and deteriorate the achieved accuracy of the axis motion. In this study, a dynamic model using a frequency-based substructure approach is established, considering the flexibilities and their variation. The position-dependent variation of the dynamic characteristics is then fully investigated. A corresponding control strategy, which is composed of a modal characteristic modifier (MCM) and an intelligent adaptive tuning algorithm (ATA), is then developed. The MCM utilizes a combination of peak filters and notch filters, thereby shaping the plant dynamics into a virtual collocated system and avoiding control spillover. An ATA using an artificial neural network (ANN) as a smooth parameter interpolator updates the parameters of the filters in real time in order to cope with the feed drive’s dynamic variation. Numerical verification of the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed strategy is shown for a real feed drive.
Keywords： Ball-screw feed drives Varying high-order dynamics Non-collocated control Modal characteristic modifier Intelligent adaptive tuning algorithm
Zoning of Agricultural Resource and Environment in China
Erqi Xu
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 57-62 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.009
Problems in China’s agricultural resources and environment have become increasingly prominent, with distinct resource and environment constraints for regional agricultures. Based on regional differentiation in agricultural resource and environment characteristics, this paper divided the country into 10 first-level zones and 57 second-level zones at the county scale. The first-level zones were divided according to regional differentiation in climate and geotectonic. And the second-level zones differentiate in water resources, land resources, and environmental conditions. It analyzed the agricultural production conditions, types of resources and their different combinations, environmental production conditions, and existing problems in these zones. This study proposed the strategies of “optimizing the spatial layout of eastern, central, and western regions” and “improving Northeast China, regulating North China, and recovering South China”. Twenty-seven second-level zones, undertaking the supply of major agricultural products in China, were identified and labeled as “major agricultural developing regions in China”. The development direction and construction measures of the major agricultural developing regions in China were suggested to maintain and improve the health and sustainability of China’s agricultural production system.
Keywords： 分析了全国各分区农业生产条件、资源类型及其组合的特点、环境生产条件和存在问题，提出 中国农业资源环境问题日益突出，区域农业资源限制因素和环境制约问题各不相同。依据农业资源环境地域分异，以县域为制图单元，本文将全国划分为10 提高东北，整治华北，恢复南方 战略，并划分了27 个承担主要农产品供给保障功能的 ，指明其建设方向措施，以维护和改善我国农业生产系统的健康和可持续性
Title Author Date Type Operation
Strategies for Soil Fertility Improvement of Arable Land in China
Yingjie Hu, Xiangbin Kong, Yuzhen Zhang
Journal Article
The Impact of Cropland Spatial Pattern Change on Grain Production in China
Li Yuanyuan, Tan Minghong, Zhang Hongqi
Journal Article
Research on the Strategy for Improving Cultivated Land Quality in China
Hongqi Zhang, Minghong Tan, Xiangbin Kong, Yongmei Xu, Erqi Xu, Erping Shang
Journal Article
The Assessment of the Impacts of Land Use Change on the Ecosystem Carbon Sink
Wu Jianguo,Zhang Xiaoquan,Xu Deying
Journal Article
Soil Organic Carbon Changes in City Areas of China Over the Past Three Decades: Implications for Achieving Carbon Neutrality
Zhenrui Zhang, Xinghui Xia, Zhifeng Yang
Journal Article
Use of the RegCM System over East Asia: Review and Perspectives
Xuejie Gao, Filippo Giorgi
Journal Article
Study on Strategies for the Sustainable Development of China’s Agricultural Resources and Environment
Li Wenhua1,Cheng Shengkui,Mei Xurong,Liu Moucheng and Hong Chuanchun
Journal Article
Trend Analysis of Precipitation of Arid Areas In China
Gao Qingxian,Xu Ying,Ren Zhenhai
Journal Article
A Roadmap for Sustainable Agricultural Soil Remediation Under China’s Carbon Neutrality Vision
Fangbai Li, Liping Fang, Fengchang Wu
Journal Article
Sustainable Management and Action in China under the Increasing Risks of Global Climate Change
Yihui Ding
Journal Article
A Review of Development and Management of Systemic Engineering for a Giant Science Expedition in the Arctic and Antarctic System
Chen Liqi
Journal Article
The Development Trend of and Suggestions for China’s Hydrogen Energy Industry
Xiaoqiang Zhang
Journal Article
An Intelligent Non-Collocated Control Strategy for Ball-Screw Feed Drives with Dynamic Variations
Hui Liu, Jun Zhang, Wanhua Zhao
Journal Article
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