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Facility managers’ perceptions on building performance assessment

Rafaela BORTOLINI, Núria FORCADA

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 324-333 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018010

摘要：

During the operational phase, building performance may decrease in various areas, so that the end users’ requirements are no longer met. Consequently, indicators are useful to assess and improve the performance of existing buildings. In this study, we carried out a literature review and organized a focus group with facility management experts to gather and analyze facility managers’ perceptions on operational indicators that could be used to assess the performance of buildings. The results revealed that the core indicators used to measure a building’s operational performance are related to safety and assets working properly, health and comfort, space functionality, and energy performance. The findings also revealed that these indicators can be obtained from three sources: a) facility managers/operators, who carry out corrective maintenance and perform technical inspections, b) regular users, who report complaints and fill-in satisfaction questionnaires, and c) sporadic users, who also fill-in satisfaction questionnaires. These indicators and their sources can contribute to a better analysis of building performance and the definition of measures to improve performance during the operational phase of a building.

关键词： building performance facility management non-residential buildings

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Usability perceptions and beliefs about smart thermostats by chi-square test, signal detection theory

Pedro PONCE, Therese PEFFER, Arturo MOLINA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 522-538 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0562-2

摘要： It is well known that smart thermostats (STs) have become key devices in the implementation of smart homes; thus, they are considered as primary elements for the control of electrical energy consumption in households. Moreover, energy consumption is drastically affected when the end users select unsuitable STs or when they do not use the STs correctly. Furthermore, in future, Mexico will face serious electrical energy challenges that can be considerably resolved if the end users operate the STs in a correct manner. Hence, it is important to carry out an in-depth study and analysis on thermostats, by focusing on social aspects that influence the technological use and performance of the thermostats. This paper proposes the use of a signal detection theory (SDT), fuzzy detection theory (FDT), and chi-square (CS) test in order to understand the perceptions and beliefs of end users about the use of STs in Mexico. This paper extensively shows the perceptions and beliefs about the selected thermostats in Mexico. Besides, it presents an in-depth discussion on the cognitive perceptions and beliefs of end users. Moreover, it shows why the expectations of the end users about STs are not met. It also promotes the technological and social development of STs such that they are relatively more accepted in complex electrical grids such as smart grids.

关键词： thermostats perceptions beliefs signal detection theory (SDT) fuzzy signal detection theory (FSDT) chi-square (CS) test

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Understanding Farmers’ Perceptions and Risk Responses to Climate Change in China

Yang-jie Wang,Xiao-hong Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第3期页码 201-210 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015050

摘要： Agriculture is likely to bear the brunt of the impacts of climate change. The extent to which these impacts are felt depends in large part on the extent of adaptation in response to climate change. The overall aim of this paper is to attempt to identify farmers’ knowledge, perceptions and risk responses towards climate change (or potential change). In order to achieve this goal, several specific objectives are pursued. First, the paper investigates whether or not farmers have perceived the long-term climate change and extreme weather events. Second, the paper describes how farmers respond to climate change and tries to assess the determinants of their adaptation. Based on data collected from a survey among farm households in three provinces in rural China, the findings demonstrate that farmers are aware of climate variability and identify the rising temperature, decreasing precipitation and the increasing frequency of drought. Only about 25% of farmers are willing to adjust their farming structures as a risk reaction. Household size, wealth, farm size, and the number of plots are found to be important factors that influence farmer adaptive capacity. Implications for policymaking on agriculture and adaptation to climate change will be to focus on providing farmers with information about the climate in time and facilitating enhancement of their adaptive capacity.

关键词： perception climate change agriculture risk reaction farmers China

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对良好中药标准的深层化学认知 Review

候晋军, 张建青, 姚长良, Rudolf Bauer, Ikhlas A. Khan, 吴婉莹, 果德安

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第1期页码 83-97 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.12.005

摘要：

中药（TCM）是一种天然来源的复杂体系，具有多种多样的化学成分，在中国被广泛应用。中药的质量控制对政府和检测机构来说是一项巨大的挑战，涉及大量科学问题，包括：中药中有多少成分？如何全面地描述中药的诸多成分以及随后如何表征这些成分？为了推荐对照品的选择，这些（活性）代谢产物在多成分中药中的水平和范围是什么？以及选择的指标成分成分需要哪些质量要求，并且从实用的角度看，如何以低成本在短时间内对这些成分进行定量评价？所有这些因素均需要深思熟虑，才能理解中药独特的化学性质，从而提高中药质量标准，从而为患者提供更好的和更稳定的药物治疗。为了回应这些科学问题，本文汇总了有关中药化学分析技术和方法的最新探索性研究。这些方法的进展包括针对液相色谱- 高分辨质谱（LC-HARMS）联用技术的多维分离、LC-HRMS 联用技术的智能触发数据依赖型采集、利用液相色谱- 质谱联用技术（LC-MS）进行靶向分析、超临界流体色谱以及大的质谱（MS）数据集的数据挖掘。此外，为了节省对照品和中药质量标准的分析时间，本文提出了两种质量策略，分别是应用一标多测（SSDMC）和一法多用法。最后，本文介绍了一系列针对中药分析方法的改进。

关键词：中药液相色谱质谱数据依赖型采集化学计量学非靶向数据挖掘质量控制