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Research on the influence of contact surface constraint on mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite

Baoyun ZHAO, Yang LIU, Dongyan LIU, Wei HUANG, Xiaoping WANG, Guibao YU, Shu LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 322-330 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0594-7

摘要： The contact form of rock-concrete has a crucial influence on the failure characteristics of the stability of rock-concrete engineering. To study the influence of contact surface on the mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite specimens under compressive loads, the two different contact forms of rock-concrete composite specimens are designed, the mechanical properties of these two different specimens are analyzed under triaxial compressive condition, and analysis comparison on the stress-strain curves and failure forms of the two specimens is carried out. The influence of contact surface constraint on the mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite specimens is obtained. Results show that the stress and strain of rock-concrete composite specimens with contact surface constraint are obviously higher than those without. Averagely, compared with composite specimens without the contact surface, the existence of contact surface constraint can increase the axial peak stress of composite specimens by 24% and the axial peak strain by 16%. According to the characteristics of the fracture surface, the theory of microcrack development is used to explain the contact surface constraint of rock-concrete composite specimens, which explains the difference of mechanical properties between the two rock-concrete composite specimens in the experiment. Research results cannot only enrich the research content of the mechanics of rock contact, but also can serve as a valuable reference for the understanding of the corresponding mechanics mechanism of other similar composite specimens.

关键词： rock-concrete     composite specimen     contact surface     mechanical properties     failure mechanism    

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Influence of soft rock-fill material as dam embankment with central bituminous concrete membrane

Peter TSCHERNUTTER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 63-70 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0016-3

摘要： This paper demonstrates the difficulties in determining the relevant material parameters for a valuation of the deformation behavior of the up- and downstream dam shell by means of an embankment dam of medium height. Laboratory as well as field tests on solid rock-fill material were performed before the beginning of construction. During the construction the properties of the available rock-fill changed from solid to soft materials. This gave rise to the necessity of adjusting the dam design of the downstream dam shoulder. Several times higher dam settlements as well as significant differential settlements between the up- and downstream dam shell were observed during construction and operation. Apart from this situation, the dam has been operated for nearly 20 years and the behavior of the water barrier has been very good.

关键词： embankment dam     bituminous concrete membrane     rock-fill material properties     deformation behavior    

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堆石混凝土坝概述及下一代混凝土坝施工技术展望 Review

Feng Jin, Duruo Huang, Michel Lino, Hu Zhou

《工程（英文）》 2024年 第32卷 第1期   页码 100-106 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.020

摘要：

Over the past few decades, one of the most significant advances in dam construction has been the invention of the rock-filled concrete (RFC) dam, which is constructed by pouring high-performance selfcompacting concrete (HSCC) to fill the voids in preplaced large rocks.   The innovative use of large rocks in dam construction provides engineers with a material that requires less cement consumption and hydration heat while enhancing construction efficiency and environmental friendliness.   However, two fundamental scientific issues related to RFC need to be addressed: namely, the pouring compactness and the effect of large rocks on the mechanical and physical properties of RFC.   This article provides a timely review of fundamental research and innovations in the design, construction, and quality control of RFC dams.   Prospects for next-generation concrete dams are discussed from the perspectives of environmental
friendliness, intrinsic safety, and labor savings.

关键词： Rock-filled concrete dam     Pouring compactness     Effect of large rocks     Intelligent quality control     Unmanned dam construction    

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Analysis on damage causes of built-in corridor in core rock-fill dam on thick overburden: A case study

Jia’ao YU; Zhenzhong SHEN; Zhangxin HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 762-780 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0847-8

摘要： The stress state of the built-in corridor in core rock-fill dam on thick overburden is extremely complex, which may produce cracking and damage. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of thick overburden on the stress and deformation of the built-in corridor in a rock-fill dam, and ascertain the damage causes of the corridor. The rationality of the analysis method for corridor with similar structure is another focus. The approach is based on finite-element method and the calculation result accuracy is verified by the field monitoring data. The improved analysis method for corridors with similar structure is proposed by comparing various corridor load calculation methods and concrete constitutive models. Results demonstrate that the damage causes of the corridor are the deformability difference between the overburden and concrete and the special structural form. And the calculation model considering dam construction process, contact between concrete and surrounding soil, and concrete damage plasticity can reasonably reflect the mechanical behavior of the corridor. The research conclusions may have a reference significance for the analysis of tunnels similar to built-in corridors.

关键词： thick overburden     built-in corridor     stress     deformation     causes for damage     concrete damaged plasticity    

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Computational methods for fracture in rock: a review and recent advances

Ali JENABIDEHKORDI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 273-287 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0459-5

摘要： We present an overview of the most popular state-of-the-art computational methods available for modelling fracture in rock. The summarized numerical methods can be classified into three categories: Continuum Based Methods, Discrete Crack Approaches, and Block-Based Methods. We will not only provide an extensive review of those methods which can be found elsewhere but particularly address their potential in modelling fracture in rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. In this context, we will discuss their key applications, assumptions, and limitations. Furthermore, we also address ‘general’ difficulties that may arise for simulating fracture in rock and fractured rock. This review will conclude with some final remarks and future challenges.

关键词： numerical modelling     method development     rock mechanics     fractured rock     rock fracturing    

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Correction to: Effect of undercut on the lower bound stability of vertical rock escarpment using finite

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0035-5

摘要： Correction to: Effect of undercut on the lower bound stability of vertical rock escarpment using finite element and power cone programming

关键词： finite element power     stability rock escarpment    

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Analysis of foundation sliding of an arch dam considering the hydromechanical behavior

Maria Luísa Braga FARINHA, José Vieira de LEMOS, Emanuel MARANHA DAS NEVES

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 35-43 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0142-1

摘要： This paper presents the application of a methodology which can be used to assess arch dam foundation stability, using the discrete element method (DEM) and the code 3DEC. A global three-dimensional model of a dam foundation was developed, in which some discontinuities were simulated and both the grout and drainage curtains were represented. The model, calibrated taking into account recorded data, was used to carry out nonlinear mechanical analysis. The same model was employed to perform a hydraulic analysis, based on equivalent continuum concepts, which allowed the water pressure pattern within the foundation to be obtained. These water pressures were applied on discontinuities involved in the possible sliding mechanism along the dam/foundation interface, and the safety of the dam/foundation system was evaluated using a process of reduction of strength characteristics, with the aim of calculating the minimum safety factors that ensure stability. Results were compared with those obtained with the usual bi-linear uplift pressure distribution at the base of the dam, commonly used in concrete dam design. The relevance of carrying out hydraulic analysis in arch dam foundation failure studies is highlighted.

关键词： concrete dams     rock foundations     hydromechanical behavior     failure analysis    

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Aspects of rock permeability

Lianyang ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 102-116 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0201-2

摘要： Effective evaluation of rock permeability is required in different energy, engineering and environmental projects. Although much research has been conducted on rock permeability, it is still one of the most difficult tasks for practicing rock engineers to accurately determine rock permeability. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this paper outlines the key aspects of rock permeability by presenting the representative values of the permeability of different rocks, describing the empirical and semi-empirical correlations for estimating the permeability of rocks, and discussing the main factors affecting the permeability of rocks. The factors discussed include stress, depth, temperature, and discontinuity intensity and aperture. This paper also highlights the scale effect on rock permeability, interconnectivity of discontinuities, and anisotropy of rock permeability. This paper provides the fundamental and essential information required for effective evaluation of rock permeability.

关键词： rock     permeability     discontinuity     stress     temperature     scale effect     anisotropy    

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三峡工程施工设计与实践

翁永红,谢向荣,范五一

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第7期   页码 111-116

摘要：

三峡枢纽工程施工规模巨大，施工强度高，技术复杂。针对施工期通航、长江截流、高强度土石方和混凝土施工、三期碾压混凝土围堰和双线五级船闸等诸多施工技术难题，工程采用了“三期导流、明渠通航、围堰发电”施工方案。文章重点介绍了施工导流、土石方和混凝土工程施工实践与主要创新成果。

关键词： 三峡工程     施工     导流     土石方     混凝土    

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interface adhesion factor on the bearing capacity of strip footing placed on cohesive soil overlying rock

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1494-1503 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0768-y

摘要： The problem related to bearing capacity of footing either on pure soil or on pure rock mass has been investigated over the years. Currently, no study deals with the bearing capacity of strip footing on a cohesive soil layer overlying rock mass. Therefore, by implementing the lower bound finite element limit analysis in conjunction with the second-order cone programming and the power cone programming, the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip footing located on a cohesive soil overlying rock mass is determined in this study. By considering the different values of interface adhesion factor (αcr) between the cohesive soil and rock mass, the ultimate bearing capacity of strip footing is expressed in terms of influence factor (If) for different values of cohesive soil layer cover ratio (Tcs/B). The failure of cohesive soil is modeled by using Mohr−Coulomb yield criterion, whereas Generalized Hoek−Brown yield criterion is utilized to model the rock mass at failure. The variations ofIf with different magnitudes of αcr are studied by considering the influence of the rock mass strength parameters of beneath rock mass layer. To examine stress distribution at different depths, failure patterns are also plotted.

关键词： bearing capacity     soil-rock interface     Hoek−Brown yield criterion     plasticity     limit analysis    

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Mechanical properties of rock materials with related to mineralogical characteristics and grain size

Wenjuan SUN, Linbing WANG, Yaqiong WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 322-328 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0387-9

摘要： Mechanical properties of rock materials are related to textural characteristics. The relationships between mechanical properties and textural characteristics have been extensively investigated for differently types of rocks through experimental tests. Based on the experimental test data, single- and multiple- variant regression analyses are conducted among mechanical properties and textural characteristics. Textural characteristics of rock materials are influenced by the following factors: mineral composition, size, shape, and spatial distribution of mineral grains, porosity, and inherent microcracks. This study focuses on the first two: mineral composition and grain size. ? This study comprehensively summarizes the regression equations between mechanical properties and mineral content and the regression equations between mechanical properties and grain size. Further research directions are suggested at the end of this study.

关键词： Mechanical properties     rock material     texture     mineral characteristics    

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Frost heave and freezing processes of saturated rock with an open crack under different freezing conditions

Zhitao LV, Caichu XIA, Yuesong WANG, Ziliang LIN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 947-960 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0638-z

摘要： Frost heave experiments on saturated sandstone and tuff with an open crack are conducted under uniform and unidirectional freezing conditions. Frost heave of crack in sandstone with high permeability is more significant under uniform freezing condition than that under unidirectional freezing condition. However, frost heave of crack in tuff with low permeability is more significant under unidirectional freezing condition. To illustrate the reasons for this phenomenon, a numerical model on the freezing processes of saturated rock with an open crack considering the latent heat of pore water and water in crack is proposed and confirmed to be reliable. Numerical results show that a frozen shell that blocks the migration of water in crack to rock develops first in the outer part of the rock before the freezing of water in crack under uniform freezing condition. However, the migration path of water in crack to the unfrozen rock under freezing front exists under unidirectional freezing condition. The freezing process and permeability of rock together determine the migration of water in crack and lead to the different frost heave modes of crack for various permeable rocks under different freezing conditions. The frost heave modes of crack in rock with low or high permeability are similar under uniform freezing condition because water migration is blocked by a frozen shell and is irrelevant to rock permeability. For high permeability rock, the frost heave of crack will be weakened due to water migration under unidirectional freezing condition; however, the frost heave of crack would be more significant for low permeability rock because water migration is blocked under unidirectional freezing condition. Therefore, the freezing condition and rock permeability determine the frost heave of rock with crack together, and this should be concerned in cold regions engineering applications.

关键词： frost heave     rock with crack     freezing process     freezing condition     frost heave mode    

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On the seismic stability analysis of reinforced rock slope and optimization of prestressed cables

Wenbo ZHENG, Xiaoying ZHUANG, Yongchang CAI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 132-146 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0152-z

摘要： The evaluation of the seismic stability of high rock slopes is of vital importance to ensure the safe operation of the hydropower stations. In this paper, an equivalent pseudo-static force analysis based on the finite element method is developed to evaluate the seismic stability of reinforced rock slopes where the prestressed cables are modeled by the bar elements applied with nodal forces and bounded only at the anchored parts. The method is applied to analyze a high rock slope in south-west China and the optimization of cables. The stabilization effects of prestressed cables on the seismic stability of the slope are studied, the simulations of the concrete heading are discussed and the potential failure modes of the shear concrete plug are compared. Based on this, the optimization of cables is studied including the anchor spacing and inclined angles.

关键词： high rock slope     reinforced system     optimization     prestressed cable     seismicity    

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Field and laboratory experimental studies on hard-rock tunnel excavation based on disc cutter coupled

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1370-1386 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0947-0

摘要： The tunnel boring machine (TBM) is typically used in hard-rock tunnel excavation. Owing to the unsatisfactory adaptability of TBM to the surrounding rock, when crossing high-strength and high-wear strata, the TBM can easily cause defects, such as abnormal wear on cutters and overload damage to bearings, thus affecting the construction efficiency and cost. Therefore, high-pressure waterjet technology should be applied to assist in rock breaking for efficient TBM tunneling. In this study, the effects of water pressure, nozzle diameter, and nozzle speed on cutting are investigated via laboratory experiments of cutting hard rock using high-pressure waterjets. The penetration performance of the TBM under different water pressures is investigated via a field industrial penetration test. The results show that high-pressure waterjets are highly efficient for rock breaking and are suitable for industrial applications, as they can accommodate the advancing speed of the TBM and achieve high-efficiency rock breaking. However, during the operation of high-pressure waterjets, the ambient temperature and waterjet temperature in the tunnel increase significantly, which weakens the cooling effect of the cutterhead and decreases the construction efficiency of the TBM. Therefore, temperature control and cooling measures for high-pressure waterjets during their long-term operation must be identified. This study provides a useful reference for the design and construction of high-pressure water-jet-assisted cutterheads for breaking road headers.

关键词： tunnel boring machine     hard-rock cutting     free face     disc cutter     rock-cutting efficiency    

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深部开采的一些挑战 Review

Charles Fairhurst

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第4期   页码 527-537 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.017

摘要：

持续增长的全球矿产供给对于满足迅速增长的世界人口的需求和期望是必不可少的。这意味着要向更深处开采。由设备供应商通过自持久R&D 研发的自动开采系统，减少了矿工暴露于恶劣的工作环境并增加了安全性。为确定矿产经济地被开采出来的深度，安全性的增长在于“地面控制”和岩石力学。尽管第二次世界大战以来，为将力学应用在采矿设计上，研究者付出了许多重要的努力，但均出现过技术和组织上的障碍。相较于大多数其他工科学科所遇到的典型工程材料，原位岩石是更复杂的一种。几千年来，采矿工程在设计上大量地依赖于经验方法。随着日益向矿山深部探索，这些方法不再适用于解决21 世纪的挑战。2008 年综合岩体模型（SRM）的发展给研究者提供了分析各向异性和不连续性岩体变形行为的能力——这些属性于1966 年被国际岩石力学学会（ISRM）的主席和创始人Leopold Müller 描述为原位岩石的本质特征。运用SRM 在大尺度采矿作业数值模拟（如崩落法）上的最新进展揭露了未预料到的岩石的变形行为。大量的平行计算和云计算技术的应用提供了许多重要机会，例如，评价数值预测中的不确定性；建立现用于岩石工程中的经验法则的力学基础及其在现有经验之上的岩体行为预测的正确性；还有在深部开采的优化设计中采用离散元法。首次，采矿和岩石工程将有其自有的基于力学的“实验室”。这有望成为在未来深部高效开采设计中的主要手段。通过在有80 多年历史的塔斯马尼亚Mount Lyell 铜矿应用采矿法反演，本文以演示实验室中DEM 和SRM 程序应用的讨论作为结束。

关键词： 深部开采     岩石的不连续性     综合岩体模型     矿产资源     岩石力学    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Research on the influence of contact surface constraint on mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite

Baoyun ZHAO, Yang LIU, Dongyan LIU, Wei HUANG, Xiaoping WANG, Guibao YU, Shu LIU

期刊论文

Influence of soft rock-fill material as dam embankment with central bituminous concrete membrane

Peter TSCHERNUTTER

期刊论文

堆石混凝土坝概述及下一代混凝土坝施工技术展望

Feng Jin, Duruo Huang, Michel Lino, Hu Zhou

期刊论文

Analysis on damage causes of built-in corridor in core rock-fill dam on thick overburden: A case study

Jia’ao YU; Zhenzhong SHEN; Zhangxin HUANG

期刊论文

Computational methods for fracture in rock: a review and recent advances

Ali JENABIDEHKORDI

期刊论文

Correction to: Effect of undercut on the lower bound stability of vertical rock escarpment using finite

期刊论文

Analysis of foundation sliding of an arch dam considering the hydromechanical behavior

Maria Luísa Braga FARINHA, José Vieira de LEMOS, Emanuel MARANHA DAS NEVES

期刊论文

Aspects of rock permeability

Lianyang ZHANG

期刊论文

三峡工程施工设计与实践

翁永红,谢向荣,范五一

期刊论文

interface adhesion factor on the bearing capacity of strip footing placed on cohesive soil overlying rock

期刊论文

Mechanical properties of rock materials with related to mineralogical characteristics and grain size

Wenjuan SUN, Linbing WANG, Yaqiong WANG

期刊论文

Frost heave and freezing processes of saturated rock with an open crack under different freezing conditions

Zhitao LV, Caichu XIA, Yuesong WANG, Ziliang LIN

期刊论文

On the seismic stability analysis of reinforced rock slope and optimization of prestressed cables

Wenbo ZHENG, Xiaoying ZHUANG, Yongchang CAI

期刊论文

Field and laboratory experimental studies on hard-rock tunnel excavation based on disc cutter coupled

期刊论文

深部开采的一些挑战

Charles Fairhurst

期刊论文