Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering
>> 2009,
Volume 3,
Issue 3
doi:
10.1007/s11705-009-0018-7
RESEARCH ARTICLE
FBRM and PVM investigations of the double feed semi-batch crystallization of 6-aminopenicillanic acid
1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Available online: 2009-09-05
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Abstract
6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) is a crucial pharmaceutical intermediate in the chemistry of semi-synthetic antibiotics. The focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) technology and particle vision measurement (PVM) technology were employed to the processes of online-monitoring of 6-APA crystallization behavior in a double-feeding semi-batch crystallizer. Experiments were carried out with four kinds of double-feeding policies and the results were compared with the traditional single-feeding. Records and analysis of FBRM indicated that the nucleation of double feeding policy was much higher than single policy, and chord length of 6-APA was almost determined and had little change after the nucleation peak. Ostwald ripening process had no significant effect on further growth of 6-APA crystal. PVM images showed that the crystal habit of 6-APA was continuously changed during the crystallization process. The development of (002) face in the final crystal for the five feeding policies were different.
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