农业资源与生态环境是保障粮食安全的基础，当前，中国农业资源与生态环境主要面临三方面的问题：第一，由于播种面积减少、耕地质量下降和空间格局变化造成我国耕地资源对粮食生产的后续支撑能力不足；第二，“水减粮增”矛盾突出和“北粮南运”难以为继；第三，农业生态环境恶化、农业生态系统服务功能难以充分发挥。为解决这些问题，需要实施现代高效生态农业战略、粮食生产区再平衡战略和贸易替代战略。基于此提出了相应的政策建议。

Food security is based on the agricultural resources and environment. At present, China's agricultural resources and environment have been faced with three problems. First, due to the shrinking of sown areas and the quality reduction and spatial pattern changes of cultivated land, China's cultivated land resource cannot provide sustainable support for its food production. Second, the contradiction between "the increasing grain demand and the decreasing water resource" has become obvious and the "north-to-south grain transfer" has been increasingly difficult. Third, the agricultural eco-environment has deteriorated and the service function of the agricultural ecosystem cannot be brought into full play. To solve these problems, we should implement the efficient modern ecological agriculture strategy, rebalancing strategy in the grain production area and the trade substitution strategy. Based on these strategies, relevant policy suggestions are also put forward.