积极开发利用盐碱水域资源是有效拓展水产养殖空间的重要举措。本文介绍了我国盐碱水渔业的发展现状与取得的主要经验，分析了未来我国盐碱水渔业发展面临的主要问题，并从资源评价与利用、生态系统构建、耐盐碱新品种培育、高效健康养殖、生态效益评价和信息共享平台建设六大方面提出了盐碱水渔业科技创新的重点任务；同时，针对政府和企业在推动盐碱水可持续渔业发展中的不同作用与定位提出了相应的支撑保障与政策建议。

The active development and utilization of saline-alkaline aquatic resources is an important measure that must be effectively expand the aquaculture industry's production capacity. In this paper, the current situation and achievements of the saline-alkaline fisheries in China are presented and the major problems faced by this sector are analyzed. Furthermore, the primary tasks associated with saline-alkaline fishery technological innovation are proposed, including resource evaluation and utilization, ecological system construction, saline-resistant breeding and cultivation, efficient and healthy aquaculture, ecological benefits evaluation and information sharing platform-building. Furthermore, a host of implementation measures and policy recommendations are put forward to promote the sustainable development of saline-alkaline fisheries based on the different roles played by the government and business sector in this project.