我国正处于制造大国迈向制造强国的重要历史阶段，在绿色发展理念的指导下，如何推进制造业与生态环境的协调发展，促进工业文明与生态文明和谐共生，是当前亟待解决的现实问题。绿色制造是制造强国建设的必有之意，是生产方式转变的重要着力点，更是绿色发展的重要组成部分，涵盖了低碳发展和循环发展的全部内容。本文在明晰绿色制造与生态文明建设关系的基础上，深入阐述了绿色制造的科学内涵、目标和评价体系，基于我国绿色制造已取得的成绩和现实发展困境，提出了推进我国绿色制造的战略方向，最后从顶层设计、队伍建设、创新体系、服务平台、体制机制及国际合作等方面给出了政策建议。

China is going through an important historical stage as it transforms from a large country with manufacturing industry into a global manufacturing power. With the guidance of green development concept, China must explore strategic issues on advancing the coordinated development between manufacturing industry and ecological environment, for the harmonious coexistence between industrial civilization and ecological civilization. Green manufacturing is a critical focus in the construction of manufacturing power and in the transformation of production modes. Moreover, green manufacturing is an important part of green development. Green manufacturing contains low carbon development and circulation development. This paper elaborates on the scientific implications, targets and evaluation system of green manufacturing, on the basis of clarifying the relationship between green manufacturing and ecological civilization. The authors then put forward the strategic direction and major projects for green manufacturing, based on the achievements and difficulties of the current development. Policy implications are provided from the aspects of top-level design, team construction, innovation system, service platform, system and mechanism, and international cooperation.