我国基础零部件和元器件（基础件）正处于从中低端向中高端水平迈进、换挡升级的关键阶段。本文首先明确界定了工业基础件的内涵，并在此基础上对我国基础件的发展现状进行了全面阐述。通过借鉴工业发达国家的基础件产业发展经验，提出促进我国基础件发展的思路和建议。坚持政府引导下的市场竞争机制，促进基础件产业的优化升级。通过激励创新的财税政策的制定和创新环境的营造，形成重视创新的社会氛围，充分发挥技术创新对基础件产业的支撑和引领作用。基础件量大面广，应做到重点突破与整体提升相结合，以点带面，推动基础件与主机的协调发展。人才是创新的基础和产业发展的根本，坚持以人为本，加强对基础件领域人才的培养和引进。

The manufacturing of basic parts and components in China is surging forward at a high level, and its industrial structure is currently in a key upgrading stage. This paper first defines the implication of industrial basic parts and components, and then describes in detail the current development situation of the basic components industry in China. Next, this paper puts forward ideas and suggestions to promote the development of the basic components industry in China, by examining the development experience of developed countries. These authors point out that the government must adhere to market competition in order to promote the optimization and upgrading of the basic components industry. By using innovation to stimulate the formulation of fiscal and tax policies, the government should create a social atmosphere of innovation and give full play to the support and leading role of technological innovation in the basic components industry. Due to the large number and wide range of basic components, the government should shift from a focus on specifics to a focus on general principles in order to promote the coordinated development of both basic components and the industry in general, thus combining key breakthroughs with overall advancement. In addition, because talent is the basis for innovation and industrial development, the government should have a primary focus on people, and should strengthen talent training and the introduction of talents into the basic components industry.