客观评价中国铁路企业国际竞争力并切实提升中国铁路企业的整体实力和国际竞争力，是实施中国铁路“走出去”发展战略的根本保证和重要支撑。本文在分析影响中国铁路企业国际竞争力的内外部因素的基础上，根据不同类型的中国铁路企业，综合运用层次分析法、灰色系统分析法等，构建了中国铁路企业国际竞争力评价指标体系，并对铁路建筑施工企业和铁路装备制造企业的国际竞争力进行了综合评价。评价结果显示，中国铁路建筑施工企业在管理能力和技术创新方面，装备制造企业在资产规模、偿债能力和对外开放程度方面，还有较大的上升空间。

Objective evaluation of the international competitiveness of China Railway's enterprises and the effective enhancement of its overall strength are fundamental to the supportive implementation of China Railway's "Go Global" strategy. Based on AHP and gray system analysis of internal and external factors influencing the international competitiveness of China Railway's enterprises, this paper develops a corresponding evaluation index system of international competitiveness of China Railway's enterprises according to different types of China Railway's enterprises. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation on international competitiveness of railway construction enterprises and equipment manufacturing enterprises is conducted. The results show a large growth gap, not only in the management capacity and technological innovation of China Railway's construction enterprises, but also in the asset size, solvency, and creation of equipment manufacturing enterprises.