在桥梁的全生命周期中，桥面板是最容易出现病害的部分。桥面铺装层常常由于施工方法选择不当、混凝土老化、钢筋锈蚀等原因产生各种病害，这对桥梁结构、使用性能都会造成不利影响，因此有必要对相关病害进行检测，并对桥面质量做出相关评价。本文介绍了国内外四种主要无损检测方法（半电池电位法、探地雷达法、冲击回波法、红外热成像法）的工作原理以及相应的检测设备，利用其中一种或几种方法能准确评估桥面板的恶化情况，对桥面板状况进行快速、无损检测，为实现桥面铺装的准确检测提供技术支持，从而减少结构病害，延长桥梁的使用寿命。

The bridge deck is the most vulnerable part of a bridge during its entire life cycle. The deck pavement is often adversely affected by improper construction methods, the aging of concrete, and corrosion of steel bars. This then has an adverse effect on the structure and overall performance of the bridge. Therefore, it is necessary to determined defects related to the bridge deck and to conduct relevant quality evaluations. This article describes the mechanism, application methods, and testing equipment of four mainstream nondestructive testing technologies used worldwide: ground penetrating radar, half-cell potential, impact echo, and infrared thermography. The use of one or more of these methods can accurately assess the deterioration of the bridge deck and make a rapid, nondestructive evaluation, which provides technical support for rapid detection and accurate evaluation of the deck situation, leading to reduced structural defects and an extended bridge life cycle.