农产品质量安全追溯是通过标识农产品从生产到市场全过程信息、落实农产品质量安全监管主体责任的重要手段；农产品质量安全追溯体系建设，对于保障“从农田到餐桌”的食品安全、促进我国农业现代化具有重要意义。本文首先简要回顾了欧盟、美国等发达国家和地区农产品质量安全追溯体系建设历史，分析了发达国家农产品追溯体系建设的主要经验及其对中国农产品追溯体系建设的启示。在此基础上，详细总结了2000年以来中国农产品质量安全追溯体系在法律法规建设、标准编码研制、关键技术研发重点和平台研发应用四个方面的发展现状，并根据国际发展趋势和中国农产品追溯产业发展需要，提出了近期我国农产品质量安全追溯体系建设的四项目标和三项建议。

Tracing the quality and safety of agricultural products by marking them with relevant information at each stage is an important means of identifying the responsibility of agricultural product supervision and management from production to market. The construction of a system to trace the quality and safety of agricultural products is of great significance for ensuring food safety from farmland to table and for promoting agricultural modernization in the country. This paper first summarizes the history, successful experience, and learning of the developed countries and regions in the world, such as the European Union and the United States, on the construction of traceability systems for agricultural product quality and safety. Next, the development of the Chinese agricultural products traceability system since 2000 is analyzed in detail from four aspects, i.e., laws and regulations, standards and codes, information systems & platforms, and key technologies. Finally, based on international development trends and the relevant national planning and requirements of the Chinese central government, this paper highlights four key objectives and three policy recommendations for the future development of China’s agricultural product quality and safety traceability system.