当前，以新一代人工智能技术与先进制造业深度融合发展为主要特征的新一代智能制造正在全球范围内孕育兴起，成为新一轮工业革命的核心技术。中国制造业总体而言大而不强，发展智能制造可推进中国制造业提质增效、由大变强，是中国制造业转型升级的主要路径。智能生产是新一代智能制造系统的主线，而智能工厂是智能生产的主要载体。本文重点研究离散型制造智能工厂发展战略，首先探讨智能工厂的内涵，对智能工厂的基本架构、信息系统架构和基本特征进行描述，然后提出了智能工厂的重点突破方向和实施途径方案，最后给出了发展智能工厂的政策建议：①建议政府部门积极支持和引导智能制造产业发展和智能工厂示范，支持形成具有区域优势的智能制造生态链；②鼓励企业根据自己的实际情况建设智能工厂，构建技术竞争优势和提升企业经济效益是硬道理；③建立和落实协同创新机制；④突出核心技术、关键装备、工业软件的“中国制造”。

A new-generation intelligent manufacturing, characterized by the marriage of the next-generation artificial intelligence technology and advanced manufacturing industry, is emerging and becoming the core technology of the fourth industrial revolution. China’s manufacturing industry as a whole is big but not strong. The development of intelligent manufacturing can promote China’s manufacturing industry by improving both quality and efficiency, and ultimately, is the main path for the transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry. Intelligent production is a major component of intelligent manufacturing, while intelligent factory is the carrier for intelligent production. This paper focuses on the development strategy for smart factories in discrete manufacturing. First, the concept of intelligent factory is introduced, with its basic structure, information system architecture, and basic characteristics in discrete manufacturing discussed. Then, the key breakthrough directions and the implementation plan for intelligent factory are laid out. Finally, following suggestions are provided for policy makers to develop intelligent factory: ① actively support and guide the development of intelligent manufacturing through pilot and demonstration projects, and promote the formation of an ecological chain for intelligent manufacturing with regional advantages; ② encourage enterprises to build intelligent factories to construct technological competitive advantages and enhance economic benefits; ③ establish and improve the synergy mechanism for innovation; ④ highlight the Made-in-China capabilities for core technologies, key equipment components, and industrial software.