在新形势下，我国农业的主要矛盾已由总量不足转变为结构性矛盾。适应农业发展新常态，调整优化农业结构，加快转变发展方式，推进农业供给侧结构性改革，成为当前我国农业发展的重要任务。本文从种植业结构、畜牧结构、产业结构、产品结构、空间结构5 个方面分析了当前我国农业结构存在的主要问题，阐述了新时期我国农业结构调整的战略构想，提出了种植业结构、畜牧业结构和产业结构的调整优化方案及相应的政策建议。

The main contradiction of China’s agriculture has changed from gross shortage to structural contradiction in new time and circumstances. To adapt to the new normality of agricultural development, it has become an important task for the current agricultural development in China to adjust and optimize the agricultural structure, speed up the transformation of the growth model, and promote supply-side structural reforms of agriculture. This paper analyzes the main problems existing in China’s agricultural structure from five aspects, namely planting structure, animal husbandry structure, industrial structure, product structure, and spatial structure. Furthermore, we elaborate the strategic conception of China’s agricultural structural adjustment in the new era, and put forward adjustment and optimization plans for planting structure, animal husbandry structure, and industrial structure and corresponding policy recommendations.