颠覆性技术概念自提出以来得到广泛应用，研究视角不同尚未有统一定义。由于颠覆性技术具有定义时代重构格局的变革性效果，日益上升为国家战略关口地带，国家视角下认识颠覆性技术对于发展颠覆性技术具有现实指导意义；本文在探讨不同视角颠覆性技术概念思想上，指出国家视角的颠覆性技术是基于科学技术的新原理、新组合和新应用而开辟的全新技术轨道，导致传统产业归零或价值网络重组，并决定性影响社会技术体系升级跃迁，或国家现有基础、能力、结构等重构的战略性创新技术；同时，从来源、结构、跨度、尺度、层次与路径等角度分析提出了颠覆性技术的一种解构框架；在此基础上从注重前沿与实用相结合、注重过程性、注重现实与未来平衡、注重创新管理模式、注重战略研究五个方面，对于从国家视角发展颠覆性技术获得了若干政策启示。

The concept of disruptive technology has been widely used since it was introduced. And there is no uniform definition due to different research perspectives. Since disruptive technology has transformative effects of defining times and reconstructing patterns, it plays increasingly significant role in national strategy. Understanding disruptive technology from the national perspective has a practical guiding significance in the development of disruptive technology. After explorations on the concept of disruptive technology from different perspectives, this paper points out that developing disruptive technology from the national perspective opens up a new technology trajectory based on new principles, combinations, and applications of science and technologies. It is a strategic innovative technology that will reorganize value network of the traditional industries, decisively affect the upgrading of social technology systems, or reconstruct present national foundations, capabilities, and structure. Furthermore, a deconstruction framework of disruptive technology is proposed from the perspectives of source, structure, span, scale, level, and path. On this basis, to develop disruptive technology, this paper proposed to focus on the combination of frontier research and practical use, the process, the balance between reality and future, innovative management modes, and strategic research.