中国高温气冷堆制氢发展战略研究
Nuclear Hydrogen Production Based on High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor in China
核能制氢是一种有应用前景的高效、大规模、无排放的制氢技术，有望在氢气大规模集中供应的场景中起到重要作用。高温气冷堆是最适于核能制氢的堆型，在我国已有几十年的研发基础，目前正在国家科技重大专项支持下建造高温气冷堆示范电站。本文介绍了核能制氢技术的特点和主流的核能制氢工艺包括热化学碘硫循环、混合硫循环和高温蒸汽电解的原理，对国际上核能制氢技术发展现状进行了简要综述，并概述了清华大学在该领域的研发现状。此外对核能制氢的安全性、技术经济评价等问题进行了讨论，在此基础上对与高温气冷堆耦合的制氢技术进行了评价，并以氢气直接还原炼铁为例探讨了高温气冷堆制氢在工业领域的应用前景。最后对我国高温气冷堆制氢技术的发展路线进行了探讨。
Nuclear hydrogen production is one of the most prospective approaches for efficient, massive and CO2-free hydrogen production, while the high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) which has been intensively developed in China is considered as the most suitable reactor type for nuclear hydrogen production. Currently, the HTGR demonstration plant, HTR-PM, is under construction under the framework of the National Science and Technology Major Project. The principles and main routes for nuclear hydrogen production, including the iodine-sulfur thermochemical water-splitting process, the hybrid sulfur process, as well as the high temperature steam electrolysis, are introduced. The progress of the nuclear hydrogen production technologies both in the world and China are shortly presented and reviewed, and its safety analysis and techno-economic assessment are discussed. In addition, the potential technologies for coupling to the reactor are discussed, and the industrial application of the nuclear hydrogen production based on HTGR is prospected, taking steelmaking by hydrogen as an example. Finally, the development strategy and prospects of nuclear hydrogen production technology in China are proposed.
高温气冷堆 / 能制氢 / 热化学循环 / 高温电解 / 技术路线
高温气冷堆 / 能制氢 / 热化学循环 / 高温电解 / 技术路线 / high temperature gas cooled reactor / nuclear hydrogen production / thermochemical cycle / high temperature steam electrolysis / technology route
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中国工程院咨询项目“新一代核能用材发展战略研究”(2016-ZD-06)()
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