燃料电池车作为新能源汽车的一种，以其续驶里程长、动力性能高、燃料加注快、兼容可再生能源等特点，得到愈来愈广泛的重视。燃料电池堆是燃料电池汽车的核心，其比功率是反应燃料电池堆技术水平的重要指标，掌握高比功率燃料电池电堆技术可以降低电堆硬件数量，从而也会使电堆成本得到大幅降低。国际上先进的燃料电池堆由于具有高的比功率使其在车辆有限空间能提供较大功率，满足了车辆动力需求；然而，国内目前电堆比功率相比国际先进水平还有一定差距，针对这一问题，本文从高活性催化剂、增强复合质子交换膜、高扰动流场、导电耐腐蚀薄金属双极板、电堆组装与一致性等多方面，探讨了提高燃料电池电堆比功率的技术途径，基于理论与实践积累分析了燃料电池活化极化、欧姆极化及传质极化与材料、部件、组装的关联性，为进一步提高燃料电池堆性能与比功率提供方向性参考。

As a type of new energy vehicle, fuel cell vehicle has attracted increasing attention because of its long driving distance, high power performance, fast fuel filling, and compatibility with renewable energies. Fuel cell stack is the core of a fuel cell vehicle, and specific power indicates the technical level of a fuel cell stack. Using a high-specific-power fuel cell stack technology, the number of stack hardware can be reduced, so the cost of stacks can be significantly lowered. The most advanced fuel cell stack can provide high power in a limited vehicular space owing to its high specific power. However, the specific power of stacks in China still lags behind the advanced level in the world. In this paper, the technical approaches to improving the specific power of the fuel cell stack are discussed, from the aspects of highly active catalyst, enhanced composite proton exchange membrane, high disturbance flow field, conductive and corrosion-resistant thin-metal bipolar plates, as well as assembly and consistency of stacks. Based on the accumulation of theories and from practices, the relevance between the activation/ohmic/mass transfer polarization of fuel cells and materials/components/assembly is analyzed, which provides a reference for further improving the performance and specific power of fuel cell stacks.