本文基于多区域投入产出分析方法，建立了全球多尺度嵌套模型及相应的环境卫星矩阵数据库，测算了中国对“一带一路”沿线典型国家商品和服务贸易的虚拟水量。总体来说，中国在与“一带一路”沿线典型国家进行贸易时，国内生产耗水量小于国内消费虚拟水，属于虚拟水的“国内消费、国外承担”模式，是虚拟水净进口国。俄罗斯和韩国是中国虚拟水的主要出口国家，印度和印度尼西亚是中国虚拟水的主要进口国。研究表明，中国沿海、内陆、东北、西北及西南地区的国内外出口贸易虚拟水依次减少，在贸易虚拟水足迹行业结构中，农林牧渔业是最大的虚拟水净出口部门，食品及烟草行业、建筑业、其他服务业是位于前三的虚拟水进口部门。

This study constructed a global multi-scale nested model and a corresponding environmental satellite account, based on the multi-regional input-output analysis method; and estimated the virtual water volume for China’s trade in commodity and service with typical countries along the Belt and Road. Results show that in China's trade with these countries, water consumed in China's domestic production is less than virtual water implied in commodities and services consumed by China's domestic consumers, which indicates that China's domestic consumption of virtual water is satisfied by imported sources. Thus, China is a net importer of virtual water. Russia and South Korea are main importers of China's virtual water, while India and Indonesia are the main exporters of virtual water for China. Analysis demonstrates that exported virtual water in China's coastal, inland, northeast, northwest, and southwest regions decreases successively. As for the industry structure of traded virtual water footprints in China, the agriculture/forestry/animal husbandry/fishery industry is the largest export sector, while the food and tobacco industry, the construction industry, and other service industries are the top three virtual water import sectors.