水资源的安全问题及其可持续发展是秦巴山脉绿色循环发展的关键环节，对寻求区域绿色循环发展路径具有重要意义。本文梳理了秦巴山脉区域内节水型社会建设、农村饮用水安全保障、水资源费改税及水权试点建设等发展现状，分析了水源利用、用水意识、污染治理、资源改革等方面面临的问题；依据国家相关规划，提出了以节约优先、完善机制、科技支撑为主的区域水资源经济总体发展思路。研究给出了秦巴山脉水资源经济可持续发展的战略对策：落实国家节水行动方案，提高非常规水源利用率；完善农村污水处理设施建设，加强农村饮水安全保障；推进水价体制改革，完善水权制度建设；依托资源优势，创新水经济发展模式。通过协调统筹“水资源– 水环境– 水生态– 水产业– 水文化”，支撑实现秦巴山脉水资源经济的可持续发展。

The security and sustainable development of water resources is crucial for the green and circular development of the Qinba Mountain Area, and is of great significance in seeking paths for regional green and circular development. This paper summarizes the current status in the Qinba Mountain Area from the aspects of water-conserving society construction, drinking water security in rural areas, water resource fee-to-tax reform, and pilot water-right construction; it also analyzes the problems in terms of water source use, water use awareness, pollution control, and resource reforms. Based on national government plans, an overall development strategy is proposed as placing a high priority on saving water resources, improving the policies on water resource economy, and focusing on science and technology support. The corresponding strategic countermeasures for the sustainable development of water resource economy are listed as: implementing the policies for water saving and increasing the utilization of unconventional water sources; improving the construction of sewage treatment facilities and strengthening the security of drinking water in rural areas;comprehensively promoting the reform of water fee system and expediting the construction of water rights system; establishing novel development models for the water resource economy by relying on the resource advantages. The sustainable development of the water resource economy in the Qinba Mountain Area will be supported by coordinated management of water resources, water environment,water ecology, water industry, and water culture