工作母机在传统定义的各类机床的基础上，还包括增材制造装备、增减材复合制造装备，开展以工作母机为代表的我国高端制造装备产业发展战略研究，拓宽智能制造路径，支撑制造强国建设。本文在系统分析全球工作母机产业链发展动态及趋势、研判我国工作母机产业发展情况的基础上，对标世界先进水平，梳理出我国产业发展存在问题的具体领域：超精密机床基础研究和关键技术、大型机床加工精度和加工效率、国产机床整机性能可靠性和精度、先进增材制造工艺与复合制造工艺装备的共性技术研发、高端工作母机智能化水平。面向 2035 年远期发展目标，突出“十四五”阶段性亟需，针对性提出以重大设施制造工艺装备、超精密加工装备为代表的工作母机产业重点发展方向。研究建议：加强国家各类科技计划有效衔接，注重国家政策配套及评价体系协同，组建以工作母机为代表的高端制造装备共性技术协同创新体系。

This study focuses on the development of the high-end manufacturing equipment industry in China, represented by machine tools. The machine tool referred to herein includes not only the machine tools in traditional definition, such as lathes, milling machines, planers, drilling machines, boring machines, grinders, and gear making machines, but also additive manufacturing equipment and additive-subtractive hybrid manufacturing equipment. This study analyzes the development trends of the machine tool industry in China and the globe, and then studies the problems existing in China’s machine tool industry. Compared with world’s advanced level, China’s machine tool industry still has weaknesses in (1) basic research and key technologies for ultra-precision machine tools, (2) the machining accuracy and efficiency of large-scale machine tools, (3) the reliability and accuracy retention of the whole machine performance, (4) the research and development of common technologies of the advanced additive manufacturing and hybrid manufacturing equipment, and (5) the level of intelligence of high-end machine tools. Furthermore, we propose the key direction of China’s machine tool industry during the 14th Five-Year Plan and the following five to ten years, and put forward some policy measures for the development of machine tool industry in China, including coordinating national science and technology plans with national policy supporting and evaluation systems, and establishing and strengthening the common technology collaborative innovation system for the high-end manufacturing equipment represented by machine tools.