为促进激光技术及应用的发展，中国工程院于2018 年启动了“我国激光技术与应用2035 发展战略研究”重点咨询项目，本文是项目研究综合报告，文章简要分析了激光技术及在科研与产业中的工具性、引领性和颠覆性作用，分析了我国激光技术在前沿激光、制造加工、信息通信、医疗诊治等领域的科研和应用的发展现状，梳理了多个制约加速发展的问题，提出了我国激光技术及应用2035 年发展目标设想：强化顶层统筹谋划，引领我国激光技术与应用产业快速发展；加强基础研究，聚力突破产业化发展中的重大基础问题、共性技术基础和基础材料、器件；设立应用研发专项，打造多个新激光产业链；创新产业协同机制，完善激光产业创新生态；强化激光基础教育，加大对激光及光学学科人才培养力度等政策措施建议。

To promote the development of laser technology and its application, the Chinese Academy of Engineering launched a major consulting project “Strategic Research on China’s Laser Technology and Its Application by 2035” in 2018. This paper is a comprehensive research report on the project. It briefly analyzes laser technology and its instrumental, leading, and disruptive role in scientific research and industrial application, and summarizes the present situation of research and application of laser technology in frontier laser, manufacturing, information and communication, medical treatment, and other fields in China. Several problems that restrict the rapid development of lasers are presented, and the development goals of China’s laser technology and its application by 2035 are conceived. To achieve these goals, China should strengthen the overall planning at the top level to lead the rapid development of laser technology and its application and strengthen basic research to make breakthroughs in major basic problems, common technology foundation, and basic materials and devices. It also should establish research and development special projects concerning laser application to create multiple new laser industry chains, and innovate its industry coordination mechanism to improve the innovation ecology of laser industry. Moreover, China should strengthen the basic education concerning the laser technology and promote talent cultivation of the laser and optical disciplines.