产业基础薄弱已成为制约我国制造强国建设的突出问题，甚至影响我国经济高质量发展、社会和谐稳定、国防安全建设。推进产业基础高级化是国家现代产业体系建设方面的重大安排，旨在贯彻新发展理念、形成新发展格局、实现高质量发展。本文基于系统工程的理念与方法，分析了产业基础、产业基础高级化的内涵，提出了我国推进产业基础高级化的总体思路和基本原则：市场有效、政府有为，突出“五基”、分类实施，创新引领、强化共性。实现产业基础高级化宜分层分类，采取逐步推进的策略：第一层次，围绕“卡脖子”问题，实施新型举国体制；第二层次，围绕“短板”问题，实施“链式”解决方案；第三层次，实施龙头企业和“专精特新”中小企业协同培育计划，构建企业支撑格局。研究提出了加强产业基础高级化的顶层设计、完善产业基础创新体系、加强基础教育和人才供给等发展建议，以期为领域发展提供理论参考。

The weak industrial foundation has been restricting the development of China’s anufacturing sector; it even threatens the high-quality economic development, social stability, and national defense security of China. As a significant aspect for modern industrial system construction, industrial foundation upgrading, aims to implement new development ideas, form new development patterns, and achieve high-quality development. In this paper, we analyze the connotations of industrial foundation and industrial foundation upgrading in China based on the idea and methods of systems engineering. The general idea for promoting industrial foundation upgrading in China are proposed. Market regulation and government intervention should be effectively coordinated. Focus should be given on basic parts, materials, manufacturing equipment, industrial software, and test platforms. Moreover, innovation and common research should be promoted. The industrial foundation upgrading should be promoted by stages. First, stranglehold problems should be resolved using the new national system. Second, a chain-type solution should be implemented to solve the weaknesses in development. Third, leading enterprises and some specialized and innovative small- and medium-sized enterprises should collaborate to establish an enterprise support pattern. To provide a theoretical reference for industrial foundation upgrading, the top-level design should be enhanced, the fundamental innovation system should be improved, and basic education and talent should be support strengthened.